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1、非谓语动词小结,做非谓语动词题应搞清楚的几个问题 1.什么时候是非谓语动词 2.非谓语动词在句中做什么成分 3.做同一个成分 to do/ doing/ done的区别 4.一般式/完成式;主动式/被动式;否定式的用法 5.固定搭配,一.什么时候用非谓语动词 当一个句号中,有两个或两个以上的独立动词时,那么就要进行非谓语动词化. 考点: 1.句中有连词-填句子/代词 Eg:_many times, but he couldnt understand it. A. Having told him B. Though I have told him C. I have told him D. Ha
2、ving been told Eg:He won the first prize and _surprised each of us. A. what B. which C. it D. as,2.句中无连词-填非谓语动词/连词 Eg._, I had to walk home. A. There was no bus B. There being no bus C. There were no buses D. There wasnt no bus Eg. He won the first prize,_ surprised each of us. A. what B. which C. i
3、t D. as,四.一般式/完成式 注意：当非谓语动词比谓语动词先发生时，用完成 时，否则用一般式 Eg. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving _ their products more competitive. A. To make B. making C. to have made D. having made Eg. _form heart trouble four years, professor White has to t
4、ake some medcine with him. Wherever he goes. A. suffered B. suffering C. having suffered D. to suffer,主动式与被动式 注意：正确判断非谓语动词与逻辑处于之间的关系 大多数是句子的主语,Eg. The bird was so lucky that it could miss_ A. catching B. being caught C. to catch D. to be caught Eg. It remains _ whether Jim will be fit enough to play
5、 in the finals. A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see,二怎样判断非谓语动词在句中做什么成分 .作主语（非谓语动词在句首,并没有逗号隔开） Climbing hills is my hobby. 2. 作宾语（在谓语动词，介词后） I want to buy a pen. Thank you for helping me. 3. 作表语 （在系动词后） My hobby is climbing hills. 4. 作定语 （修饰名词） 注意：单个词放在所修饰名词前面；短语，句子放在所修饰名词后面 a running water Thi
6、s is a book written by LUXUN,5.作状语 （三种情况） The boy sat at the corner, crying. B. Passing by the book store, I stopped to buy a book. C. I went to Beijing to see my friend. 6. 作宾补 （vt. +n.+非谓语） tell sb. to do sth. make sb. do sth. make sth. done 注意：宾语与后面的成分有逻辑上的主谓关系是宾补,三做同一个成分 to do/ doing/ done的区别 作主
7、语 to do 表具体性，偶然性；ing 抽象性，普遍性 Eg. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview._ the answer ready will be of great help. A. to have had B. having had C. have D. having 注意：it is + adj. + of /for sb. to do sth.,2.作宾语 （to do /doing） A.只能用doing做并于的动词 既可用doing,又可用 to do 做宾语的动词只是在中文意思上的区别 Eg. When aske
8、d by the police, he said he remembered _ at the party. but not _ A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave,C.物want/need/require 需要 want/need/require to be done =want/need/require doing 某事学要被做 but/except/other than +do/ to do 除以外 口诀：前有do, 后无to ; 前无do后有to
9、I have nothing to do but _(watch) TV. I have no choice but _(watch) TV.,.做表语 (to do/ doing/done) A. to do 偶然性;doing普遍性 B. doing 令人 (指物);done 对 (指人) C. be to do 表规律,意愿 4.作定语 ( to do 表将来;doing表进行;done表被动完成) A. to do 本身只表将来; to be done 被动将来 B. doing 本身只表进行;being done 进行被动 注意:非谓语动词作定语从两个方面考察1.主被动关系 2.动作
10、的时态 3.固定搭配 Eg. The first text books_ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written,Eg. The Olympic games,_ in 776B.C.didnt include women players until 1912. first played B. to be first played first played D. to
11、 be first playing 几个 特殊的句子 A. Im the first to come and the last to leave 序数词+to do B. The flowers_ sweet in the botanic garden attract visitors to the beauty of nature. A.to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt,5. 作状语 (to do表目的; doing表主动; done表被动) 注意: 正确判断非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系 eg1._ (see) from the pl
12、ane, we can see the Great Wall. eg2._(see) from the place, the Great Wall works more beautiful. eg3._(see) my friends, I went to Beijing,A.加逗号 Eg1. The boy sat at the corner, _(cry) Eg2. The light was stolen,_ (make) the room dark. Eg3. I went into the room,_ (turn) in the light and watched the TV.
13、Eg4. I hurried to the station, only_ (find) the train have left. Eg5. I hurried to the station _(catch) the first bus.,B.特殊句式 _(pass) by the book store, I stopped to buy a book _(face) with the difficult situation, Tom asked some advice for his father. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in fro
14、nt of him. A. losing B. having lost C. to lose D. lost C. 表状态的用法 The boy sat at the corner, crying After his journey from abroad, Richard returned home,_. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted,类似于: I went back home, tired and hungry. Eg. I went _ to bed.=I went to bed,_ A
15、. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drunk D. 固定搭配(独立用法做状语) to tell the truth 说实话 to be + adj. (exact, frank) 确切的,坦白的说 generally/ exactly/ frankly/ strictly speaking considering 考虑到 Judging from/by从中判断 given 考虑到,Eg _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. A. given B. to give C. giving D. having given 6.非谓语动词做宾补 (to do 固定搭配; doing 表主动;done 表被动) have sb/sth do/doing/to do/done make sb/sth do/done get sb/sth to do/ done see/hear/watch sb/sth to do/ doing / done,
