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1、 Open5G：5G网络的开放生态 1 Executive Summary Three key application scenarios in 5G break the boundaries of communication between human beings in traditional mobile communications, forcing 5G to support communication of human-to-machine, and machine-to-machine. However, various application scenarios and req
2、uirements together with emergingly diversified standards and technologies call for an open 5G (Open5G) network, which is featured with flexibility and customization. This white paper investigates the concepts, challenges and opportunities of Open5G network. The main contributions of this white paper
3、 is summarized as follows: (1) Key concepts of Open5G: upon analyzing the technical requirements, the concept of open networks is provided from three different open levels, namely, black-box, white-box and gray-box networks. Specifically, black-box open networks provide third-party applications or d
4、evelopers with supporting services and key network capabilities via open application programming interface (API). White-box open networks refer to the fully open network, which includes open source software developing and white-boxing hardware design. The gray-box network is an partial open network,
5、 where telecom operators and the equipment manufacturers cooperatively design the customized network devices. Then, the overall objectives of open network architecture are figured out. Driven by developing requirements, open network architecture should decouple network capability providers and solut
6、ion providers, enabling the former to effectively design network architectures with finite resources and reducing the dependence of the latter on the technical details. (2) Enabling technologies of Open5G: for open core network, 3GPP 5G service-based architecture is discussed and then MulteFire-base
7、d base station and open core network adopting distributed managements is provided. Centralized unit/distributed unit (CU/DU) architecture of open radio access network is discussed, featured with open CU, open API to DU, and white-boxing remote radio unit /active antenna unit (RRU/AAU). After definin
8、g the open terminal from the view of equipment capability and openness, an open terminal architecture is given, including open software/hardware resource architecture, and open configuration and management layer. The open methods of physical layer are open API to facilitate end to end network slices
9、 and software defined air interface (SDAI). Meanwhile, based on software defined radio and SDAI, an open smart physical layer architecture is proposed. Upon introducing free open source hardware (FOSH) platform, the requirements of Open5G hardware platform are summarized and the open hardware archit
10、ecture is presented. (3) Use case for Open5G: the definition of open source and open API and the relationship Open5G：5G 网络的开放生态 2 between them are clarified. Then, the use case for Open5G from different corporations and institutions is presented, including OneNET, China Telecom 5G SDR platform, mH-I
11、oT platform, TCL 5G SDR platform, and super BS platform. Open source and openness of software/hardware ecosystem for 5G network are still in their infant stage, so, currently, there are still many different definitions and solutions. This white paper aims at to tease out and analyze key concepts, th
12、e possible solutions, and technical challenges, providing a guidance for building open ecosystem for 5G networks in the future. Open5G：5G网络的开放生态 3 目 录 Executive Summary . 1 1 引言引言 . 5 2 开放网络的基本概念开放网络的基本概念 . 7 2.1 开放网络基本内涵 7 2.1.1 面向5G演进的技术需求分析 7 2.1.2 能力开放的黑盒网络. 9 2.1.3 完全开放的白盒网络. 10 2.1.4 半开放半封闭的灰盒
13、网络. 10 2.2 开放网络架构的总体目标 11 2.3 SDN/NFV 12 3 开放式核心网开放式核心网 . 13 4 开放式无线接入网开放式无线接入网 . 14 4.1 Open-RAN（ORAN）开放式无线网络概述 14 4.2 开放的CU提升行业竞争力 14 4.3 开放接口的DU提升网络性能 16 4.4 白盒化的RRU/AAU降低成本 16 5 开放式终端侧使能技术开放式终端侧使能技术 . 16 5.1 开放式终端侧的内涵与外延 16 5.2 开放式终端侧使能技术 17 6 开放物理层开放物理层 . 19 6.1 开放物理层内涵与外延 19 6.2 开放物理层框架 20 6.3
14、 需求与技术挑战 22 6.4 应用与机遇 23 7 开放硬件平台开放硬件平台 . 25 7.1 FOSH硬件平台 . 25 7.2 Open5G开放硬件平台介绍 26 8 Open5G开放示例开放示例 . 28 8.1 OneNET . 29 8.2 5G SDR平台 30 8.3 mH-IoT智慧医疗物联网平台 30 Open5G：5G 网络的开放生态 4 8.4 TCL 5G SDR平台 . 32 8.5 超级基站平台介绍 33 8.6 Open5G开源硬件实例 34 9 总结总结 . 36 缩略语对照表缩略语对照表 . 37 致谢致谢 . 39 Open5G：5G网络的开放生态 5 1
15、 引言 为了应对万物互联的挑战，满足超高速率、超低时延、高能效和超高流量与连接数密度等 多维能力指标，开放、开源、协同创新将是5G发展的必由之路。随着5G网络与技术不断的开 放与开源，未来将会涌现出更多新的业态和应用，从而开辟一个巨大的蓝海市场。 目前，学术界和产业界已先后创建多家开放实验室、开源联盟或组织，通过积极推进开放 式5G，加快5G技术、标准、产品的研发，最终建立全球统一的5G生态系统。例如，网络功能 虚拟化开放平台（OPNFV），通过整合各种开源系统进行NFV的开发和演进，形成一个开源 的NFV参考平台，验证多厂商可互操作的NFV解决方案、加速新产品和服务的引入。开放网络 自动化平
16、台（ONAP）致力于开发一个具有实时的、策略驱动编排、物理和虚拟网络功能自动 化的统一开发平台， 使得开发者和服务提供商能够快速的提供新服务。 Open Air Interface (OAI) 是欧洲EURECOM组织发起并维护的一个开源软件定义无线电（SDR）开发平台，提供LTE网 络核心网、接入网和用户设备的开源软硬件开发工具。开放雾联盟（OpenFog Consortium）力 图通过开发开放式架构、分布式计算、联网和存储等核心技术以及实现物联网全部潜力所需的 领导力，加快雾计算(Fog Computing)技术的部署。 什么是开放式5G（Open5G）？ 虽然Open5G是一个新概念，但开放系统、开放体系架构的发展历史却由来已久。对开放 系统与开放体系架构的研究，不仅奠定了开放式5G网络及其关键技术的研究基础，也有助于 我们更好地理解开放式5G的内涵与外延。 开放式5G网络架构，内涵比较丰富，定义方法、形式比较多，争议也比较大。例如，由 中国移动牵头提出的基于服务的网络架构（SBA）被3GPP确认为统一基础架构，该架构面向 云化设计，通过网络功能的模块化实现按需的灵
