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1、Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c)一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标：1) 学习掌握下列词汇：fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument 2）进行一步复习巩固学习Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。3）进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。4) 掌握主动语态变被动语态的方法，并通过不同方式的练习，来熟练运用。2. 情感态度价值观目标：培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力
2、，认识世界，改造世界。二、教学重难点 1. 教学重点：1) 学习生词fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument2) 复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。2. 教学难点： 1) 一般过去时态的句子变为被动语态。2) 综合运用所学的知识进行练习运用。三、教学过程. Warming- up and revision 1. Have a dictation of the new words learned
3、 in the last class. 2. Review some main phrases we learned in the last class. Check the homework. 3. Let some Ss tell something about how tea was invented by accident. Tell something about how tea was invented by accident.One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves fr
4、om a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious and one of the worlds favorite drink was invented.Tell something about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing.Lu Yu “the saint of tea” mentioned Shen Nong in his book Ch
5、a Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didnt appear until around 166
6、0. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. Grammar Focus. 1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。 拉链是什么时候被发明的？ _ _ the zipper _? 它于1893年被发明。 It _ _ in 1893. 它是由谁发明的？ _ _ it invented _? 它是由惠特科姆贾得森发明的。 It _ _ _ Whitcomb Judson. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？ _ _tea _ to Korea? 茶叶在六到七世纪
7、之间被带到朝鲜。 It _ _ to Korea _the 6th and 7th centuries. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？ What _ the hot ice-cream _ _? 它用于挖很冷的冰淇淋。 Its _ _ _ really cold ice-cream. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。 The telephone _ _ _ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。 Alexander Graham Bell _ the telephone in 1876. 2. 学生们根据记忆，看大屏幕来完成填空练习。来源:学优高
8、考网gkstk3. 学生们完成填空试题后，可以打开课本检查答案，对错误的句子，单独进行强化记忆。. Grammar一般过去时态的被动语态的构成 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如：We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 我们昨天打扫了教室。(主动语态，主语we是clean这一动作的执行者)The classroom was cleaned yesterday. 教室昨天被打扫。(被动语态，主语the classroom是clean这一动作的承受者)一、一般过去时被动语态一般过去时被动语态的结
9、构为“主语+ was /were +及物动词的过去分词 (+by+动作的执行者).”。如： Trees were planted last spring.去年春天种了树。1. 肯定句： 主语 + was/were +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他. Paper was invented by Chinese people two thousand years ago. 纸是中国人在二千多年前发明的。 2. 否定句： 主语 + was/were not +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at firs
10、t. 开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。 3. 一般疑问句： Was/Were +主语 +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Were these pictures drawn by your sister? 这些图片是由你画的吗？ 二、被动语态的用法：1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。 e.g. English is spoken all over the world. 全世界都在说英语。2. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者。 e.g. This dictionary is used by most students. 这本字典是大多数学生在用的。三、主动语态变被动语态应注意的问
11、题1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。 They put off the meeting because of the weather. The meeting was put off because of the weather. 会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。 My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday. I was given an e-dictionary y
12、esterday. An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday. 3. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。I saw a heavy man enter the house. A heavy man was seen to enter the house. 4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep）没有被动语态。 What happened to Mr
13、. Brown? 布朗先生发生了什么事？ . Exercises练一练 将下列句子变为被动语态。 1. He chose six story books the other day. Six story books _ _ by him the other day. 2. Uncle Lee gave Jack a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. Jack _ _ a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. 3. A mouse ate half of the cake la
14、st night. Half of the _ _ by a mouse last night. 将下列句子变为主动语态。 来源:学优高考网gkstk4. Were these machines invented by Edison? _ Edison _ these machines? 5. The post card was sent to Linda by Paul. Paul _ the post card _ Linda. 6. America was discovered by Columbus. _ Columbus discovered _? . PracticeWork on 4a: 1. Tell Ss to read the sentences in 4a and rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 2. 做题方法点拨示例： 点拨：原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为sold，宾语为the fridge；改为被动语态时，应将the fridge作主语，谓语动词用was sold的形式。 They sold the fridge at a low price. The fridg
