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1、专题二十六 图画类,-2-,考情概览 图画类写作考查考生的观察能力和语言运用能力。除了图画之外,它所提供的汉语提示很少或几乎没有,留给考生的发挥空间很大,具有形象、直观、内容具体化等特点。此类写作题既能充分考查考生的想象、观察、推理、判断以及语言表达能力,又在一定程度上要求考生学会说明某个道理或得出某个结论。 从近几年高考英语书面表达题材来看,图画类写作的内容多为学生所熟悉的话题,或者是社会热点问题,具有鲜明的时代感和教育性。从考查的体裁来看,图画类写作的体裁涉及记叙文、说明文和议论文,主要分为叙事类和说理类。,-3-,一、图画类写作的技巧 图画类写作一般具有叙事性,或者具有说理性。对于叙事性
2、图画作文,考生则要弄清故事的背景,注意时间、地点、人物以及事件的三要素(起因、经过、结果),并在写作中适当补充相关细节,增加一些必要的过渡性词语,使故事的叙述更加流畅;对于说理性的图画作文,考生在写作时要对图画的寓意展开阐述,首先要描述图画传递的信息,揭示图画的主题,然后围绕这个主题,阐明自己的看法和观点。 1.认真审图,挖掘细节 图画类写作没有详细的汉语提示,所有的写作信息都来源于所提供的图画,因此考生写作前一定要先仔细观察图画,注意图画中的细节,挖掘出写作所需要的信息。,-4-,2.把握主旨,谋篇布局 通过观察图画,确定文章体裁,根据体裁明确写作形式,并确定写作应用的人称,若以日记、回忆录
3、等形式来写,则要用第一人称;若以讲故事的形式来写,一般采用第三人称。在确定体裁的基础上也要确定所使用的时态。体裁确定了,就需要明确文章的主旨,并将观察所得到的有效信息加以整合,安排好写作的内容和顺序。图画类写作一般由三个段落组成,首段总体概括图画的内容,为下一段详细描述其内容作铺垫;第二段是文章的主体部分,详细而有条理地描述图画的内容,然后进行深入的分析;最后一段则简要地抒发自己的一些感想或进行总结性的评论,说明自己所得出的结论或感想。,-5-,3.注意联系,合理想象 图画类写作之所以常考不衰,就是因为这种呈现话题的方式非常独特,图画的内容通俗易懂,简单明了,但有一些隐含的内容在图画中没有直接
4、显示出来,需要考生通过合理的想象,挖掘出图画的弦外之音。因此,在构思写作时,我们要注意在对图画的内容进行描述的基础上,合理地发挥想象,把那些图画中没有直接显示出来的内容表达出来,使写作内容更丰富,更具有思想性。 4.发表议论,升华主题 图画类写作绝不能停留在对图画内容的单纯的描述上,在描述完图画的内容后,考生要通过议论来升华主题,以起到画龙点睛的作用。同时,我们应注意,最后的议论内容要与图画内容密切相关,切记不能脱离主题。,-6-,5.参考模板,用标志词 图画类写作也有一定的常用句式或模板可以参考,例如: It can be seen from the picture that. The pi
5、cture tells us that. According to the picture,. In conclusion,. As can be seen from the picture(s),. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. As far as Im concerned,I firmly support the view that. 当然,针对故事性强的图画类写作,如果是按照时间顺序来叙述某一事件,则可以考虑使用at first,t
6、hen,later,after that,finally等标志性词汇,以使思路更加清晰,表达更加富有层次感。,-7-,二、图画类写作的常见形式 (一)看图叙事类 1.基本结构 看图叙事类通常为三段式作文,第一段描述图画的大致情况,第二段解释分析图画内容,第三段给出自己的看法以及解决问题的办法。,-8-,2.语句模板 (1)用于描述图画 As is described in the picture,. From the picture we can see that. The sight reminds me of something in my daily life. (2)用于记叙事件经过
7、At first.then.five minutes later.finally/in the end/at last. Upon arrival,we began to. Some are swimming in the lake;some are flying kites;others are playing games. .was/were doing.when suddenly sb./sth.did.,-9-,(3)用于总结全文的句式 If such measures were not taken,the problem of.would have been more serious
8、. Unless there is a common realization of.,it is very likely that. We can conclude from this picture that.,-10-,3.写作模板 The story took place时间和地点. 事件起因(要点一,图片一的内容),事件发展(要点二、三,图片二、三的内容),事件结局(最后一个要点,最后一张图片的内容). From the story,I feel自己的看法或感想.,-11-,4.满分范文 (2017北京卷) 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,记录
9、毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。 注意:词数不少于60。 提示词:视频video,-12-,-13-,范文: Graduation finally came.My classmates and I decided to do something.After a heated discussion,we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school. Material collecting took us a whole week,during which we interviewed our
10、 teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life.The editing part after that was tough.We debated over what to put into the video.Some compromises were unavoidable,but the video turned out perfect.Several days later,when the video was played on the graduation ceremony,it was well received.
11、The students and teachers shared a great time.That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.,-14-,(二)看图说理类 1.基本结构 看图说理类通常为三段式作文,第一段描述图画的大致情况,第二段对图画进行适当的阐释说明和分析,第三段给出自己的观点等。 2.语句模板 (1)引出话题的句式 The purpose of the picture is to show us that. As is shown in the picture,we can see clearly the relations
12、hip between. The picture indicates/conveys the meaning that.,-15-,(2)用于分析现象的句式 More and more people have come to realize the importance of. Anyone with the least common sense knows that. There are many discussions today about whether. Thanks to the advances in science and technology,our life has bec
13、ome more comfortable and easier. (3)用于发表议论或得出论点的句式 As has been stated above,we must attach more importance to. In my view/In my point of view/As for me,we should take some measures as follows to deal with . And then we have to/must . Only in these ways can we solve the problem of . In conclusion,.,-
14、16-,3.写作模板 Great changes have taken place in 地点 since时间.In the past,描述过去的情景(图片一的内容).But now our village/school/city is taking on a new look.描述现在的情景(图片二的内容). There are many reasons for the great changes.First,变化的第一个理由.Second,变化的第二个理由.Third,变化的第三个理由Last but not least,变化的最后一个理由. I think自己的感想.,-17-,4.满分
15、范文 (2015福建卷) 请阅读下面图画,按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。 内容要求: 1.描述画面; 2.概述其含义; 3.谈谈个人感想。,注意: 1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数; 2.可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、行文连贯; 3.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。 参考词汇:凿,钻 bore,-18-,In the picture, _ _ _ _ _ _ _,-19-,范文: In the picture,we can see a boy in worn clothes,sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it.A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading. This is a well-known story from
