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1、第四部分 阅读表达,-2-,命题规律,备考策略,阅读表达的测试目的是从多方位、多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信息、处理信息并进行书面表达的能力。此题型不同于阅读理解,它重视语言的综合性和语境化因素,把语言知识放在实际的语境中考查,重视问题的真实性、情境性和应用性。它不仅要求考生理解文章,还需要考生用自己的语言表达出来,而且要受到词数的限制,因此,它比传统的阅读理解题型更具综合性和主观性,更能体现对考生综合语言运用能力的考查。 阅读表达属于主观题,它能考查考生概括语言的能力、捕捉信息的能力、预测事实的推断能力以及自主创新的能力。该题型的优点在于既考查了考生的理解能力,又考查了考生的英语表达能力。它的
2、另一个优点是开放性,这给了考生一个非常广阔的思维空间和表达空间。,-3-,命题规律,备考策略,一般来说,阅读表达所采用的文章比阅读理解篇章长度稍短,难度稍低。文章的选材贴近考生生活,时代感较强;体裁以说明、记叙、夹叙夹议等文体为主,所选取的篇章内容逻辑性强,文章结构严谨,层次分明,便于考生在阅读的基础上进行综合理解。高考对于该题型的考查主要有以下几种类型:1.理解捕捉具体信息;2.解释画线单词或句子意思;3.概括主旨和要义;4.阐述写作意图;5.陈述个人观点和态度。,-4-,命题规律,备考策略,20132017年高考英语天津卷阅读表达试题考点统计,-5-,命题规律,备考策略,一、养成良好的阅读
3、习惯,掌握一定的阅读技巧。要善于概括文章或者其中某个段落的主旨大意以及作者的写作目的,要善于分析和把握篇章的结构,推测作者的语气、态度和观点,捕捉文章的具体信息,理解特定环境中语言的含义。 二、养成主动思考的习惯。在平时的阅读中就要主动对文章的内容或者作者的观点进行讨论和评价,对文中的故事情节或者作者的思路进行预测,对作者的语气进行揣摩,形成主动思考的阅读习惯。 三、认真审题,准确表达。在回答题目之前要认真审题,判断问题的类型,弄清题目的要求。回答要有针对性,避免答非所问。注意问题后面的词数要求,要书写工整,表达准确。,专题十九 理解捕捉具体信息,-7-,考情概览 这类题目一般要求考生结合文中
4、某个方面进行解答,通常要求答案固定或者唯一,且可在文章中找到明确的答案或者依据,与阅读理解中的细节理解题类似。作者一般会通过运用事实、分析原因或者对比事物间的关系等加以论证自己的观点。,-8-,做该类题目时,首先要仔细地理解问题,明确问题问的是什么,然后按照题意进行寻读,找到文中的重要事实或细节,也就是快速准确地在文章中找到题目中所涉及的内容,主要是在问题中和文章中搜索相似的关键词,或关键句,这类题的答案一般都在文章中。从历年试题来看,这类题目可难可易,可深可浅。因此在解答这类题时,考生要格外谨慎。需要特别注意,一般不要用文章中的原句作为答案,因为一般的问题都不会那样直白。最好能对文章的细节信
5、息进行简单加工和整合,形成自己的语言,然后简明扼要地写下来。注意写下的句子一定不要出现语法上的错误。这种命题形式非常灵活,往往对文章中的具体信息进行提问,通常用what,why,how等特殊疑问词进行提问。,-9-,常见的回答方式有: WhyBecause What句子、名词或动词-ing形式 列举名词、动词-ing形式 HowBy doing,-10-,【典例分析】(2017天津卷) In the years of my growing up,Dad was strict with me.He made sure I made my bed and did my homework.He wo
6、uld call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party.I got so angry with him for laying down the law.I would scream,“ I hate you!” Dad would yell back,“Good!I dont care!” Deep down I knew he did. One time at a party,I drank too much alcohol and got so sick.I said,“ Call my dad.” Next t
7、hing,Dad was carrying me to the car.I woke up the next morning,thinking I would definitely be criticised.As expected,I got a roasting,but I now understand why I needed discipline.,-11-,Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films.I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV ser
8、ies,but it wasnt until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress.Like those early days for Dad,I faced lots of rejections.Working in such a competitive industry,Ive sometimes thought,“ I cant do this any more.” Once,after a trip to Hollywood,I returned to Australia so depressed
9、and spent months in my bedroom painting,listening to Eckhart Tolles music and trying to find myself again.Dad sat me down and said,“Alice,I know its hard,but its all about persistence(坚持不懈).”,-12-,Now I get to work with Dad a lot,which I love.We are both passionate about acting,which comes from us b
10、eing so interested in people.If it werent for Dad,I wouldnt be where I am today.Hes my biggest fan,and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.,-13-,58.What did Alices father do when she felt depressed?(no more than 5 words) _ He encouraged/comforted/inspired her. 由第四段中的“Dad sat me dow
11、n and said,Alice,I know its hard,but its all about persistence.”可知,当Alice感到沮丧时,父亲坐下来和她谈心,给她安慰与鼓励。 59.According to the last paragraph,what do Alice and her father have in common?(no more than 10 words) _ They are both passionate about acting and interested in people. 由最后一段中的“We are both passionate ab
12、out acting,which comes from us being so interested in people.”可知答案。,-14-,A,B,C,(2017天津第一中学第四次月考) On my first job as sports editor for the Montpelier Leader Enterprise(MLE),I didnt get a lot of fan mail,so my attention was caught by a letter on my desk one morning. When I opened it,I read:“Sweet piec
13、e of writing on the Tigers.Keep up the good work.”It was signed by Don Wolfe,the sports editor.Because I was a teenager(being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch),his words could not have been more inspiring.I kept the letter in my desk drawer until it got old.Whenever I doubted I had the
14、 right stuff to be a writer,I would reread Dons note and walk on air again.,-15-,A,B,C,Later,when I got to know him,I learned that Don made a habit of writing a quick,encouraging note to people in all walks of life.“When I make others feel good about themselves,”he told me,“I feel good,too.” Over th
15、e years,Ive tried to copy Don and write uplifting words.In a world too often cold and unresponsive,such notes bring warmth. Why are positive note writers in such short supply?My guess is that many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious.They are afraid they will be misunderstood.Thus i
16、t may cause troubles and problems.And it sounds insincere on the phone.Also,writing takes time;it is far easier to pick up the phone.,-16-,A,B,C,The drawback of phone calls,of course,is that they do not last.A note attaches more importance to our well-wishing.It is a matter of record,and our words can be read more than once,savored(回味) and treasured,and they bring
