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1、Biogas Purification and Compression System,Training Program in Kathmandu University January 03, 2010 Dharma K.C,1. Project idea,2. Equipment drawing,3. Description of equipment,4. Brief information on PSA,5. Energy balance,6.Brief information on PLC,Contents,7.Equipment layout,Basic idea of the proj
2、ect,Piping & Equipment Diagram,Construction of bio-digesters,Site: Kathmandu University Size: 90 m3 (30 *3) Scale: Pilot Project,Bio-gas generation,Feeding Materials: Any kind of bio-degradable solid waste Flow Rate: 18 m3/day, Pressure: 1 bar Composition: 50% CH4, 48% CO2, 1% H2S and 1% others,Feed
3、ing Materials,Description of equipment,H2S Remover,1. It consists of changeable H2S filter 2. While the amount of H2S attached to the filter increases, the pressure shown in the pressure gauge also increases 3. Once filter is fully saturated, it needs to be replaced. 4. H2S should be removed complet
4、ely as it causes corrosion on the wall of vessels used.,Description of equipment,Biogas compressor,Specification Type: Oil-free piston Design Pressure: 15 bar Design temp: 50 degree centigrade Material: Mild Steel Flow rate: 100L/min Power 380VAC 3 phase 50Hz (0.374kWh) Function: To compress the bio
5、gas coming out of H2S filter and increase the pressure up to 23 bar which is required for PSA system.,Specification: Type: Vertical Cylinder DP/DT: 15 bar/ 50 degree C Volume: 30 L Function: Collect slightly compressed gas before sending to the purifier (PSA) It maintain continuous flow of gas to th
6、e purifier It prevents from popping and irregular strike of biogas to purifier.,CNG buffer drum,Description of equipment,Description of equipment,Scrubber (Pressure Swine Adsorption Type),First Filter,Second Filter,Adsorption Columns,Description of Equipment,CNG regulator fitted in adsorption column
7、,It maintains the pressure and flow rate of gas in adsorption column Functioning condition and data can be seen in the graphic board of control panel. Simultaneous falling and increasing of pressure and flow rate occurs during alternating cycles namely adsorption, regeneration and pressure build-up,
8、Description of Equipment,Specification: Type: Oil rotary Flow rate: 200L/min Power: 220VAC 1 phase 50Hz 0.034kWh Material: Mild Steel Function: to pump out CO2 and N2 from adsorption columns and maintain the pressure,Vacuum pump,PSA system linking with PLC,Electric circuit and signal transfer,It rec
9、eive signals from all devices of purifier and transfer it to the control panel. Digital signals can be seen in PLC system and operation condition can be observed by the notification of LED (light) in the graphic board.,Installation of equipment,Inner circuit of control panel,Graphic Board,Operation
10、of each equipment can be seen by the red light adjacent to drawing of equipment as well as in monitor of PLC system.,Chemical process,Adsorption is the process that happens when a gas or liquid solute gets accumulated on the surface of a solid or, sometimes, a liquid (adsorbent), forming in the proc
11、ess a molecular or atomic film (known as adsorbate).,Separation of CO2 from CH4 is generally done by adsorption/desorption of carbon dioxide on beds of activated carbon (in our case) or zeolites at different levels of pressure.,Adsorption in brief,The term adsorption refers and encompasses both proc
12、esses, while the reverse process is known as desorption.,Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is a technology used to separate some gas species from a mixture of gases under pressure according to the species molecular characteristics and affinity for an adsorbent material.,Application of Activated Carbon
13、 in PSA,Large number of gases are separated using activated carbon as the adsorbent material.,Slightly above the atmospheric pressure, the activated carbon preferentially adsorbs the impurities like non-methane.,Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is a technology used to separate some gas species from a
14、 mixture of gases under pressure according to the species molecular characteristics and affinity for an adsorbent material.,In a normal operation each adsorber operates in the following alternating cycles namely adsorption, regeneration and pressure build-up.,PSA for Biogas Upgrading,While passing t
15、hrough the adsorber vessel, carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen gets adsorbed on to the surface of the adsorbent material. The gas that exits from the top of the adsorber vessel contains around 97% of Methane.,Compressor and storage tank,Function of Compressor: To compress the gas after scrubbing Pu
16、re methane, before compression, is collected in the Buffer Drum to make the continuous supply without popping. Function of Storage tank: It is the heaviest among all equipment. It collects compressed gas of pressure230 bar and its size is 585L.,Dispenser,Gas contain in high pressure in the storage tank will be filled in CNG cylinders. There will be three types of cylinders of different size. One is for vehicular use (64L) and other are of commercial purpose (46.7L and 40.2L). T
