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1、名词个体名词和集体名词多数可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，有单、复数形式；物质名词和抽象名词通常无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词，一般只有一种形式。 可数名词之集体性名词family集体名词被看作一个整体时，表达单数概念。 His family is well known in the town. 他家在镇里是名门望族。 集体名词被看作若干个体的集合时，表达复数概念。 His family are waiting for him. 他的家人正在等他。class被看做一个整体，表示班级。There are 45 students in this class. 这个班有45个学生。 被看做若干个体，
2、表示班级里的学生们。This class are studying English now. 这个班的学生在学习英语。hair 指全部头发或毛发时，为集合名词(不可数)；指几根头发或毛发时，为个体名词(可数)。My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了。The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发。(D23) fruit 作为集合名词，它通常是不可数的。 He doesnt not eat much fruit. 他不太吃水果。 He is growing fruit in the country. 他在农村种
3、水果。 当要表示种类时，它可视为可数名词，即a fruit 指一种水果，fruits 指多种水果。Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚。 The potato is a vegetable, not a fruit. 土豆是一种蔬菜，而不是一种水果。People人, 人们（不能说a people,可说a person） police(不能说a police，可说a policeman)可数名词之复数形式A.构成规则 1.一般名词在末尾直接加s。 book-books， bag-bags， cat-cats， bed-beds 2. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾
4、，加es。 bus-buses， box-boxes，brush-brushes，watch-watches (注意以th结尾的单词加s, month-months)3. 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加es。 baby-babies， library-libraries，factory-factories (注意以元音字母+y结尾的单词，直接加s。day-days ，boy-boys)4. 以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v，再加es。妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），li
5、fe（生命），half（一半）leaf（树叶），self（自己），这9个名词变复数时，变f或fe为v，再加es。5. 以o结尾，表示无生命的物体时加s, 表示有生命的物体时，加es。photo-photos， piano-pianos， radio-radios， zoo-zoos potato-potatoes，tomato-tomatoes，mango-mangoes，hero-heroes 6.不规则变化 manmen childchildren footfeet fishfish womanwomen mousemice toothteeth sheepsheep policemanp
6、olicemen oxoxen goosegeese sheep-sheep deerdeer Chinese-Chinese特殊：fish表示鱼的数量时，单复数同形；表示鱼的种类时，复数为fishes. My cat had two fish for lunch. You can see a lot of different fishes in the lake. B.合成名词的复数a man driver-men drivers(男司机)a woman doctor-women doctors(女医生)an Englishman-Englishmen（英国男人）a Frenchwoman-
7、Frenchwomen（法国女人）C.只能做复数的名词scissors trousers shorts jeans sunglasses 不可数名词之常见词bread面包 cheese 奶酪 juice 果汁 meat 肉 milk 牛奶 water水 tea 茶 coffee 咖啡 soup 汤 food 食物 fish 鱼肉 rice 米饭 orange 橘汁 chocolate 巧克力 money钱 paper纸不可数名词之常见表达不可数名词一般只有原形，没有复数形式，但是可以借助量词表示一定的数量。如果表达两个或两个以上的概念时，量词需要用复数形式，不可数名词不变。 a bottle
8、of water瓶 ，a cup of coffee杯，a pair of shoes双two glasses of milk玻璃杯 ，five bags of rice袋，ten pieces of bread片 这种形式用于可数名词时，量词和可数名词都要用复数。 ten baskets of eggs 名词与修饰词的连用many+可数名词复数much/a little+不可数名词some,any,a lot of, lots of，plenty of两者都可以修饰对名词数量进行提问how many+可数名词how much+不可数名词选择填空( )1I can see three _ in
9、 the zoo.A monkeys B monkeys C monkey ( )2. The pig has four _. A. foot B. feet C. foots ( )3. My two brothers are _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen ( )4. I can see ten _ in the picture. A. sheep B. dog C. pig ( )5. The _ has three_. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches ( )6. Can
10、you see _on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades ( )7. The girl often brushes her_ before she goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth ( )8. Mr Black often drink some _. A. milk B. milks C.milkes ( )9.There is no _ in the plate. A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs ( )10. Lucy will have some _.
11、A. photo B. photos C. photoes ( )11. I am drinking two _. A. cups of water B. cup of water C. cups of water ( )12. The cat eats two _ on Monday. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse ( )13. They are_. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher ( )14. Would you like _ ,please? A. two
12、 glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters ( )15. There is some _ in the river. A. fish B. fishes C. fishs ( )16. There are some _ in these _. A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-box C.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes ( )17. There are some _ in the
13、se _. A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-box C.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes( )18. _ and _ are not friends.A. Foxswolfs B. Foxeswolfs C. Foxeswolves ( )19. I was so hungry and I ate two _. A. bowls of noodle B. bowls of noodles C. bowl of noodles ( )20. How many_do they have? A.picture B.pictures C.a picture
