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1、许国璋英语第二册（含课文、对话、阅读、课后练习及答案） 第八课许国璋英语第二册第八课（一） 课文：1) 课文原文： THE GREAT PYRAMIDThe kings of ancient Egypt planned strong tombs to keep their bodies safe after death and to hold their treasures. Over these tombs huge stone pyramids were built. There are over 80 pyramids in Egypt, but the Great Pyramid is
2、 the largest of all. The Great Pyramid was built nearly five thousand years ago for a king called Khufu. It is located on the west bank of the Nile River, not far from Cairo. In fact, all the pyramids along the Nile are on its west bank. The ancient Egyptians compared the rising of the sun to the be
3、ginning of life and the setting of sun to the end of life. This is why their dead were buried on the west bank of the Nile.古埃及的国王计划坚固的墓葬，以保护他们的尸体在死亡后保存他们的财宝。在这些坟墓上建造了巨大的石头金字塔。埃及有超过80座金字塔，但大金字塔是最大的金字塔。大金字塔是在五千年前为一位名叫胡夫的国王建造的。它位于尼罗河西岸，离开罗不远。事实上，尼罗河上所有的金字塔都在它的西岸。古埃及人把太阳的升起比作生命的开始，把太阳的设定比作生命的终点。这就是为什么他们
4、的尸体被埋葬在尼罗河西岸的原因。It is very hard to realize just how big the Great Pyramid is. It has over 2,300,000 blocks of solid stone. These huge stone blocks weigh an average of two and a half tons each, as much as a small car. Some even weight fifteen tons. Without machinery, the ancient Egyptians cut and mov
5、ed and lifted each of these stones. Many of the blocks came from the east bank of the Nile, and they were taken across the river in boats at flood time. It took more than 100,000 slaves twenty years to build the Great Pyramid.很难意识到大金字塔有多大。它有2300000块坚固的石头。这些巨大的石块平均重量为每平方米2.5吨，相当于一辆小汽车。有的甚至重十五吨。没有机器，古
6、埃及人就砍掉和移动并举起每一块石头。许多街区都是从尼罗河东岸来的，在洪水时期，他们在船上过河。花了100000多名奴隶，二十年时间才建造了大金字塔。They Great Pyramid is over 450 feet high today, and it was once higher, its base covered thirteen acres. Each of the sides of the pyramid is 755 feet long, or about as long as two city blocks. It takes about twenty minutes to
7、walk all the way around the pyramid. Every king wanted his tomb to be the best. But Khufu outdid them all. The surface of his pyramid used to shine with smooth white limestone, and its top came to a sharp point. Inside, the body of Khufu rested in a great stone coffin. His body was preserved to last
8、 forever, and many treasures were buried with him.大金字塔今天有450英尺高，以前更高，其底部覆盖了十三英亩。金字塔的每一边都有755英尺长，大约有两个街区。绕金字塔走一周要花二十分钟左右。每个国王都希望他的坟墓是最好的。但胡夫胜过所有的人。他的金字塔表面用光滑的白色石灰石发光，其顶部达到了一个尖峰。在里面，胡夫的尸体躺在一个巨大的石棺里。他的遗体被保存到永远，许多珍宝被埋葬在他身边。Now after many centuries, the shining surface is worn away, and men have taken so
9、me of the huge stone blocks to build other things. Thieves have stolen the treasures, and they have stolen the body of Khufu himself. No doubt this is a matter for regret, but the same thing has happened to many other ancient tombs. Although the limestone surface is gone, the huge stones are exposed
10、 and you can climb them, like steps, to the top. When you have reached the top, you can see for miles about you. You can see the smaller pyramids and the Sphinx, the great stone statue of the lion with a human head. To the west you can see the Libyan Desert, and to the east you can see the green Nil
11、e Valley and the modern city of Cairo.经过几个世纪，光亮的表面被磨掉了，人们已经用了一些巨大的石块来建造其他的东西。盗贼偷走了财宝，偷走了胡夫本人的尸体。毫无疑问，这是一件值得遗憾的事，但同样的事情也发生在许多其他古墓中。虽然石灰石表面已经消失，但巨大的石头被暴露出来，你可以像台阶一样爬上山顶。当你到达山顶时，你可以看到几英里左右情况。你可以看到较小的金字塔和狮身人面像，狮子的巨大石像和人头。在西面，你可以看到利比亚沙漠，而在东方，你可以看到绿色尼罗河流域和开罗的现代城市。2) 全文译文：大金字塔古埃及的国王计划坚固的墓葬，以保护他们的尸体在死亡后保存他们
12、的财宝。在这些坟墓上建造了巨大的石头金字塔。埃及有超过80座金字塔，但大金字塔是最大的金字塔。大金字塔是在五千年前为一位名叫胡夫的国王建造的。它位于尼罗河西岸，离开罗不远。事实上，尼罗河上所有的金字塔都在它的西岸。古埃及人把太阳的升起比作生命的开始，把太阳的设定比作生命的终点。这就是为什么他们的尸体被埋葬在尼罗河西岸的原因。很难意识到大金字塔有多大。它有2300000块坚固的石头。这些巨大的石块平均重量为每平方米2.5吨，相当于一辆小汽车。有的甚至重十五吨。没有机器，古埃及人就砍掉和移动并举起每一块石头。许多街区都是从尼罗河东岸来的，在洪水时期，他们在船上过河。花了100000多名奴隶，二十年
13、时间才建造了大金字塔。大金字塔今天有450英尺高，以前更高，其底部覆盖了十三英亩。金字塔的每一边都有755英尺长，大约有两个街区。绕金字塔走一周要花二十分钟左右。每个国王都希望他的坟墓是最好的。但胡夫胜过所有的人。他的金字塔表面用光滑的白色石灰石发光，其顶部达到了一个尖峰。在里面，胡夫的尸体躺在一个巨大的石棺里。他的遗体被保存到永远，许多珍宝被埋葬在他身边。经过几个世纪，光亮的表面被磨掉了，人们已经用了一些巨大的石块来建造其他的东西。盗贼偷走了财宝，偷走了胡夫本人的尸体。毫无疑问，这是一件值得遗憾的事，但同样的事情也发生在许多其他古墓中。虽然石灰石表面已经消失，但巨大的石头被暴露出来，你可以像
14、台阶一样爬上山顶。当你到达山顶时，你可以看到几英里左右情况。你可以看到较小的金字塔和狮身人面像，狮子的巨大石像和人头。在西面，你可以看到利比亚沙漠，而在东方，你可以看到绿色尼罗河流域和开罗的现代城市。3) 课堂提问：（通过问题，更好理解课文内容）1. What were the pyramids built for? Pyramids were built as strong tombs to preserve the bodies of the kings of ancient Egypt.2. How long ago was the Great Pyramid built?The Gre
15、at Pyramid was built nearly five thousand years ago. 3. Why is the Great Pyramid together with all the other pyramids, located on the west bank of the Nile River?Because the ancient Egyptians compared the beginning of life to sunrise and the end of life to sunset. Since the sun sets in the west, the
16、y buried their dead on the west band of the Nile. 4. Why have historians called the building of the Great Pyramid a great engineering feat?Because even todays engineers have found it difficult to explain how it was built. They have also found it mystery how the ancient Egyptians lifted those huge stones without help of machinery.5. What happened to the Khufus tomb af
