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1、一岗双责落实还不到位。受事务性工作影响，对分管单位一岗双责常常落实在安排部署上、口头要求上，实际督导、检查的少，指导、推进、检查还不到位。非谓语动词【考纲解读】考生应掌握: 1.非谓语动词的构成、语法功能及用法对比; 2.非谓语动词完成式和被动式的用法及特点; 3.非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式; 4.不定式与动名词、动名词与现在分词、现在分词与过去分词、分词作状语与独立结构等用法对比; 5.不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区别; 6.过去分词作定语、不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。 【考点纵横】2016年全国卷2015年新课标卷20152016年地方卷目前这么考全国卷(过去分词;动名词)
2、全国卷(不定式) 全国卷(不定式;现在分词) 新课标卷(过去分词;现在分词) 新课标卷(过去分词;动名词) 2016年四川(不定式) 2016年天津(现在分词) 2016年江苏(过去分词) 2016年北京(不定式;过去分词) 2015年广东(不定式) 2015年陕西(不定式) 2015年四川(动名词;want后跟不定式) 2015年浙江(动名词) 2015年湖南(不定式;现在分词) 2015年江苏(过去分词) 今后怎么考今后高考试题对非谓语动词的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:非谓语动词作定语的区别;动名词和不定式作宾语的用法比较;现在分词和过去分词的用法比较;特定句型中非谓语动词的用法等。对非谓
3、语动词的考查常出现在语法填空和短文改错之中【考题导引】1.(2016全国)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 解析：permitted 这里是动词的过去分词,表被动,作后置定语。 2(2016全国)Skilled wo
4、rkers also combine various hardwoods and metal(create)special designs. 解析： to creat 此处是不定式短语表目的,相当于“in order to create”。 3 (2015陕西)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother(take) good care of at home. 解析： taken 此处是“see+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语与补语之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作宾
5、补。4 (2016全国)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely(bring) your work home. 解析：to bring 此处是固定用法“be likely to do sth”。 5(2014湖南) (understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 解析：Underst
6、anding 这里是动名词短语充当句子的主语。 【知识网络】非谓语动词【知识梳理】一、非谓语动词的形式及意义非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义不定式一般式to doto be done不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生进行式to be doing不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生完成式to have doneto have been done不定式的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前现在分词/动名词一般式doingbeing done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生完成式having donehaving been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词
7、的动作发生过去分词done与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成I have a lot of reading to complete before the end of this term.本学期结束前，我有大量的阅读任务要完成。Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer.人们一致认为查尔斯巴贝奇发明了第一台计算机。No harm seems to have been done.似乎并没有造成伤害。Do you mind being interrupted while studying?
8、你介意学习时被打扰吗？Having been ignored for a long time, the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out.因长时间被忽视，这个男孩坐在后面感到枯燥就出去了。Given enough time, we are sure to do it well.如果给予我们足够的时间，我们一定能做好。二、非谓语动词的用法(一)非谓语动词作状语的用法1不定式作状语(1)作目的状语不定式作目的状语意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加in order或so as，但so as to不能
9、用于句首。To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard.为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。The bus stopped in order to/so as to pick up passengers.公共汽车停下来以便接载乘客。(2)作结果状语不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果。Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。(3)作原因状语常用于“主语(人)系动词形容词
10、(过去分词)to do”结构中。形容词或过去分词作表语时，后可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或所表示的情况，常用于这类结构中的形容词和过去分词有sorry, surprised, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, anxious, delighted, pleased, foolish等。We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.令我们吃惊的是，这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。常用于“主语(物)系动词形容词to do”结构中。这类形容词有：easy
11、, difficult, hard, cheap，expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good, important, impossible, dangerous等，表示主语的特征或性质，不定式和句子主语之间存在被动关系，但常用主动形式表示被动意义。The morning air is so good to breathe that he gets up early every day.早上的空气呼吸起来很清新，因此他每天都起得很早。2分词作状语分词包括现在分词和过去分词，现在分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是主动关系，且含有进行的意义；过去分词表示的动作与句子
12、主语之间是被动关系，且含有完成的意义。(1)作时间状语相当于when, while, before, since, as引导的时间状语从句。Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.When the sentence was translated into English, it was found to have an entirely different order.被译成英语后，我们发现这个句子有了一个完全不同的语序。(2)作原因状语相当于because
13、, since, as引导的原因状语从句。Not understanding this problem, he asked the teacher about it.Because he didnt understand this problem, he asked the teacher about it.因为不理解这个问题，他问了老师。Defeated by his deskmate, he felt discouraged.Because he was defeated by his deskmate, he felt discouraged.由于被同桌打败了，他感到气馁。(3)作条件状
14、语相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.If Im given another hour, I can also work out the problem.如果再给我一个小时，我也能解决这个问题。(4)作结果状语常用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，分词前可接thus。More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.中
15、国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。(5)作方式或伴随状语表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于并列句。One evening Harry phoned me, asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible.One evening Harry phoned me, and he asked me to come to his flat as soon as possible.一天晚上哈里给我打电话，要求我尽快去他的公寓。(6)作让步状语相当于though, although, even if等引导的让步状语从句。Warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.Though he was warned of the danger, he still went skat
