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1、城市轨道交通建设项目代建主体选择机制的研究 摘 要 近几年来“代建制”在我国的政府投资项目建设中发挥了巨大的作用，使项 目建设过程的管理更加专业化、规范化，操作更加透明化，有效减少了政府投资 项目中经常发生的超标准、超工期、超投资的“三超”问题，提高了投资效益。实 践证明在“代建制”的实施中，代建单位的选择是首要问题，也是代建管理模式先 进性能否发挥的关键问题。在政府工程建设领域内引入市场竞争机制，通过招标 方式选择优秀的建设管理队伍，更有助于提高工程建设专业化水平及工程建设 效率。同时由于代建单位是独立承担经济责任的实体，可以以契约方式将责任落 实到位，形成有效控制投资的刚性约束机制。 城市
2、轨道交通工程作为复杂的大型系统工程，要使项目的建设更经济、更合 理、更科学，必须首先建立一个先进的建设管理机制。而代建制是项目建设管理 的新模式,是建设项目投资主体多元化发展的新事物,符合建设项目管理市场化 的要求。随着我国投资体制改革的深入，政府投资项目的建设管理模式正由“建 设、监管、使用”多位一体的模式向“投建管用”职能分离的模式转化。改变长期以 来我国各级政府对直接投资的项目管理方式实行“财政投资，政府管理”的单一 模式，通过推行政府投资项目“代建制”的管理模式，实现政府投资项目专业化建 设管理，并最终达到控制投资、提高投资效益和管理水平的目的。而推行代建制 的重要环节就是选择合格的代
3、建主体。选择具备代建资质的代建人是代建制在 我国良性发展的关键。同时也为今后的城市轨道交通建立先进的建设管理机制 奠定了基础。 本论文将结合城市轨道交通项目的建设管理特点，研究代建主体选择机制 的内容，重点研究培育代建人市场，建立代建主体法律法规。论证企业作为代建 主体，建立招标选择制度。最后经过合理的阐述归纳，使这三方面内容相互联系， 相互补充。建立起适合我国城市轨道交通的代建主体选择机制。 关键词： 城市轨道交通 代建主体 选择机制 Research on selecting construction-agent units Mechanism of Chinese Urban Mass
4、Transit ABSTRACT In recent years, “Construction Agent System“ have played a tremendous role in Chinese government investment projects. So that the process of project management more professional, standardized operation more transparent and effective reduction of government investment projects in the
5、 frequent occurrence of the above-standard, ultra-Time, ultra-investment in the “three beyond“, increased investment returns. Practice has proved that the “Construction Agent System“ the implementation of the choosing construction-agent units is the primary issue, but also advanced management mode a
6、nd construction can play a key issue. Government construction projects in the area of the introduction of market competition mechanism, through the tender to select the best construction management team, but also help improve the professional level of construction and construction efficiency. At the
7、 same time as construction-agent units assume financial responsibility is an independent entity, it can relate to ways of responsibility are in place form of an effective control mechanism for investment in the rigid constraints. Urban Rail Transit project as complex large-scale systems engineering,
8、 for the construction of the project more economic, more reasonable and scientific, we must first establish an advanced building management mechanism. Construction Agent System project and construction management of the new model is the main construction project investment diversification of new thi
9、ngs, the construction project management in line with market requirements. With the deepening of Chinese investment system reform, government investment projects of construction management model by the “construction, supervision, using“ is one of a number of models to “build effective“ transforming
10、the mode of separate functions. For a long time to change our governments at all levels of direct investment in the project management approach of “financial investment management“ of a single model, through the implementation of government investment projects, “Construction Agent System“ mode of ma
11、nagement, and government investment projects professional building management. Ultimately, to control investment and improve returns on investment and management purposes. Construction Agent System and the implementation of the important link is to choose qualified and the main building. With the ch
12、oice of building construction and qualification of the people in China Construction Agent System is the key to healthy development. But also for the future of urban rail transport establish an advanced management mechanism of the building into the foundation. This paper will combine the urban rail t
13、ransit project construction and management features, built on behalf of the contents of the main selection mechanism, and focus on cultivating people built the market, and establish and build the main laws and regulations. Demonstrate enterprises for the main building, the establishment of the tende
14、r selection system. After the final statement summed up a reasonable, so that these three elements are interlinked and mutually reinforcing. Establish suitable for Chinese urban rail transportation in constructing building of the main selection mechanism. Key Words: Urban Mass Transit Construction-a
15、gent units Selection mechanism 目 录 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 研究背景及意义.1 1.1.1 研究背景1 1.1.2 研究意义1 1.1.3 研究前提1 1.2 研究问题的界定.2 1.2.1 委托代理理论.2 1.2.2 经济学中的委托代理理论2 1.2.3 代建制中的委托代理关系2 1.2.4 目前政府投资的城市轨道交通项目实施代建制存在的问题.3 1.3 研究的内容3 第二章 基于城市轨道交通建立代建主体选择机制的内容分析 6 2.1 城市轨道交通的概况6 2.1.1 城市轨道交通的建设特点.6 2.1.2 城市轨道交通的准公共产品属性.7 2.1.3
16、城市轨道交通提供中的政府作用分析.8 2.2 机制及选择机制的定义10 2.3 代建主体选择在体制与制度上存在的问题分析11 2.3.1 政府投资人与代建主体之间的信息不对称引入市场选择机制.11 2.3.2 代建主体的市场准入制度欠缺.12 2.3.3 代建主体的法律地位不明确.12 2.4 本章总结13 第三章 培育城轨项目代建人市场及完善相关法律法规 .15 3.1 培育城轨项目代建人市场15 3.1.1 确立代建主体的法律地位.15 3.1.2 增强代建主体的自身竞争力.16 3.1.3 建立代建主体市场准入制度.18 3.2 完善相关法律法规20 3.2.1 明确政府投资人的功能和权利.22 3.2.2 明确代建主体的职责.22 3.3 本章总结.23 第四章 公开招标制度选择城轨项目代建主体 .24 4.1 目前代建主体的选择方法24 4.2 选择适合城市轨道交通的代建主体企业代建25 4.2.1 城轨项目代建主体的分析.25 4.2.2 城轨项目代建主体的比较.28 4.2.3 城轨项目代建主体的评价.30 4.3 建立企业作为城轨项目代建主体的公开招
