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1、为深入贯彻落实党的十九大精神和习近平总书记的重要指示精神，保障人民安居乐业、社会安定有序、国家长治久安、进一步巩固党的执政基础，束城镇深入贯彻全市扫黑除恶会议精神，强化措施，深入扎实开展扫黑除恶专项斗争Unit 2English around the world.阅读理解A(2017山东高三第二学期考试)Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. They take their dogs for walks
2、, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care. However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life. The expression, to lead a dogs life, describes a person who has an unhappy life.Some people say we live in a dogeatdog world. That means many people are comp
3、eting for the same things, like good jobs. They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard. Such hard work can make people dogtired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.Still, people say every dog has its d
4、ay. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way
5、 they do things.Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways. People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog. Junkyard dogs live in places where people throw away things they do not want. But mean dogs are often used to guard this property. They bark or attack peopl
6、e who try to enter the property. However, sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad. We say his bark is worse than his bite.Dog expressions also are used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the we
7、ather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要向读者介绍了一些美国人常用的关于“狗”的表达方式。1What does the passage mainly discuss?ADogs in our daily lives. BExpressions with dogs.CThe role dogs take in America. DAttitude of the American citizens to dogs.答案与解析：B主旨
8、大意题。通读全文可知，本篇文章主要介绍了一些美国人常用的关于“狗”的表达方式。故选B。2What does “dogtired” describe in the passage?ADescribes a very successful person.BDescribes the dogs are very tired after a long walk.CDescribes a rainy and cloudy weather.DDescribes the heavy degree of exhaustion of people after long time work.答案与解析：D细节理解
9、题。结合关键句可知，“dogtired”用来描述长期工作后人们的疲惫不堪。故选D。【关键句】They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard. Such hard work can make people dogtired.(第二段第三至五句)译文：他们说成功就得像狗一样辛苦地工作，这使他们筋疲力尽。3How are people compared to dogs in bad ways?ABy mean dogs and j
10、unkyard dogs. BBy lazy dogs and bad dogs.CBy sick dogs and tired dogs. DNone of them is right.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据关键句可知，应选A。【关键句】Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways. People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog. But mean dogs are often used to guard this prope
11、rty.(第四段第一至四句)译文：一些人被恶意地比作狗。那些不善良的、漠不关心的人被认为比垃圾场的狗还要不友善但是吝啬的狗经常用来保护这些财产。4What can we learn from the text?AEveryone can be successful if he learns from the old.BIt might be difficult for the young to learn new skills.CJunkyard dogs are careful in money arrangement.DFierce persons arent so awful as th
12、eir appearance sometimes.答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据关键句可推知，长相凶猛的人其实并不像外表上看起来那么可怕。故选D。【关键句】However, sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad.(第四段倒数第二句)译文：然而，有时一个看起来刻薄、具有威胁性的人实际上并没有那么坏。【长难句分析】They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change t
13、he way they do things.(第三段最后一句)分析：本句是一个复合句。that引导宾语从句；they do things为省略关系词的定语从句，先行词为the way。译文：他们认为年龄大的人不喜欢学习新事物，也不愿改变自己做事的方式。B(2017衡水高三一调)It is not unusual for people to speak two or three languages; theyre known as bilinguals or trilinguals. Speakers of more than three languages are known as polyg
14、lots. And when we refer to people who speak many languages, perhaps a dozen or more, we use the term hyperpolyglot.The most famous hyperpolyglot was Giuseppe Mezzofanti, a 19th century Italian cardinal (红衣主教), who was said to speak 72 languages. This claim sounds absurd. If_you_assume_each_language_
15、had_20_000_words,_Mezzofanti_would_have_to_learn_a_word_a_minute,_six_hours_a_day,_for_eleven_years_an_impossible_task. But Mezzofanti was tested by critics, and they were all impressed.Did Mezzofanti have an extraordinary brain? Or are hyperpolyglots just ordinary people with ordinary brains who ma
16、nage to do something extraordinary through hard work?U. S. linguist (语言学家) Stephen Krashen believes that outstanding language learners just work harder at it and then they acquire unusually strong language ability. As an example, he mentions a Hungarian woman who worked as an interpreter during the 20th cen
