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1、专题十六 主从复合句,1.概念：由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句连接而成的句子叫主从复合句。主句是全句的主体，往往可以独立存在，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立存在。从句也有自己的主语和谓语部分，需要有一个关联词引导才能和主句连接。 2.分类：从句主要有以下六种：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句和同位语从句。根据考纲要求，现主要讲述宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。,考点归纳,考点一：宾语从句 在主从复合句中，在动词或者介词后面充当宾语的句子叫作宾语从句。 构成：主句+引导词+陈述句语序（主谓结构） 如：Can you tell me where he is from? 主句 从句
2、（宾语从句）,考点梳理,1.宾语从句的引导词,考点梳理,（续表）,考点梳理,1. I saw David in the teachers office this morning. Do you know he was there? He went there to hand in his homework. (2015南京市) A. how B. whether C. when D. why 2. Its amazing! I cant believe you could make it to the top in such a short time! (2016包头市) A. which B
3、. what C. that D. if,考点自测,D,C,2.宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都要用陈述句语序。 即：引导词+主语+谓语+其他,考点梳理,3. We dont know when next week. Please call me when he arrives. (2015南充市) A. will he arrive B. does he arrive C. he will arrive D. he arrives 4. Could you tell me Zhang Aipings hometown？ The day after tomorrow, I
4、 think(2016达州市) A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. why you will visit D. how you will visit,考点自测,C,B,3.宾语从句的时态 在宾语从句中，谓语动词的时态要和主句中谓语动词的时态保持一致，其一般规律为：,考点梳理,（续表）,考点梳理,5. The teacher told us that the sun in the east. (2015雅安市) A. had risen B. has risen C. rose D. rises 6. The police wonde
5、red . (2015临沂市) A. whose handbag it is B. whose handbag it was C. whose handbag is it D. whose handbag was it,考点自测,D,B,7. I wonder . It will fall on a Saturday. (2016广东省) A. how will National Day fall on this year B. how National Day will fall on this year C. what day will National Day fall on this
6、year D. what day National Day will fall on this year 8. Could you tell me ? At nine oclock, in ten minutes. (2016绵阳市) A. how will he leave B. when he has left C. why he is leaving D. when he will leave,考点自测,D,D,4.宾语从句的注意问题 （1）宾语从句与简单句的转换：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式” 结构。 如：I dont know what I sh
7、ould do next. =I dont know what to do next. 我不知道接下来要做什么。 （2）宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句谓语动词think，suppose，believe等后接宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称，变否定句时应否定主句。 如：I dont think you are right. 我认为你不对。,考点梳理,（3）引导词在从句中作主语时，语序不变。 如：Jack asked me who would give us the lecture this afternoon. 杰克问我今天下午谁会给我们讲课。 （who是引导词，在宾语从句中作主语，本身已是陈述语
8、序，不需再变） （4）whats the matter / wrong with 在宾语从句中不变语序。 如：The doctor wanted to know what was the matter with you. 医生想知道你哪里不舒服。 I want to know whats wrong with you. 我想知道你怎么啦。,考点梳理,9. I really dont know this question. It is too hard. (2015自贡市) A. which to answer B. how to answer C. what to answer D. wher
9、e to answer 10. Wow, Wendy, its cool to make a short video with your mobile phone. Just with an APP called Meipai. Let me show you . A. which to use B. how to use it C. what to use D. where to use it,考点自测,B,B,考点二：状语从句 在复合句中，做状语成分的从句叫状语从句。 常见的状语从句可分为：时间、条件、地点、原因、方式、让步、比较、结果、目的等从句，由不同的引导词引导。,考点梳理,1.时间
10、状语从句 时间状语从句的引导词有：when，while，as，till，not until ，since，before，after，as soon as等。,常考时间状语从句,考点梳理,考点梳理,（续表）,考点梳理,（续表）,考点梳理,（续表）,1. Some people wont realize the importance of their health they have lost it. (2015自贡市) A. when B. until C. after D. since 2. Would you please give this newly-published novel to
11、 Jack? Certainly, he comes back. (2015泰安市) A. before B. as soon as C. until D. unless,B,B,考点自测,3. To make your DIY work perfect, youd better not start you get all the tools ready. (2016苏州市) A. when B. while C. before D. after 4. It will be 2 years we see each other again. A. after B. before C. since
12、 D. when,C,B,考点自测,2.条件状语从句 条件状语从句的引导词主要有if和unless，两者可转换。 在条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时表将来，即主将从现。 如：You will fail the exam if you dont work hard. =You will fail the exam unless you work hard. 如果不努力学习，你考试会不及格的。,考点梳理,5. Well have a picnic near the river tomorrow it rains heavily. (2015眉山市) A. until B. if C. unles
13、s D. when 6. I hope you will enjoy your trip, dear! Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till,C,B,考点自测,3. 原因状语从句 原因状语从句的引导词有because，since，as等。 注意：because和so不能同时使用。 如：He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill. 他昨天没来上学，因为他生病了。,考点梳理,7. We didnt
14、enjoy the day the weather was so bad. (2015杭州市) A. because B. though C. unless D. till 8. you know your dream clearly, then try your best to make it come true. A. Since B. Though C. Because D. For,考点自测,A,A,4. 让步状语从句 让步状语从句的引导词有though / although，even though / if等。 注意：though / although与but不能同时出现在一个句子里
15、。 如：Though he is in poor health, he works hard. 虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。,考点梳理,9. She passed the exam she had not studied very hard. A. if B. though C. while D. until 10. Shall we go on working? Yes, I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though,考点自测,B,D,5.比较状语从句 比较状语从句的引导词有as as，than等。 如：Peter is not as tall as his brother. 彼得不像他哥哥那么高。,考点梳理
