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1、系统掌握蕴含其中的马克思主义立场观点方法，要在系统学习、深刻领会、科学把握习近平教育思想上下功夫。精心组织开展学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神知识问答活动。单元质量评估(五)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AThe sea is home to billions of plants and animals.Many live only near the sunlit surface.Oceanographers cla
2、ssify marine living beings by separating them into two main groups: plants and animals.There are two general types of plants found in the ocean, those having roots that are attached to the ocean bottom and those not having roots which simply drift about with the water.The rooted plants in the ocean
3、are only found in shallow water because there is not enough sunlight to sustain photosynthesis(光合作用) in deeper waters.Since sunlight does not pass more than a few hundred feet into the ocean, most of the ocean is not capable of supporting rooted plants.The most plenty plants in the ocean are known a
4、s phytoplankton(浮游生物)These are usually singlecelled, minute floating plants that drift throughout the surface waters of the ocean.To grow, phytoplankton need nutrients from the sea water and lots of sunlight.Marine animals are divided into three groups: zooplankton, nekton, and benthos.Zooplankton a
5、re drifting animals and are usually small, however, they can grow to fairly large size.For example, the jellyfish and the Portuguese manofwar are examples of larger types of zooplankton which are unable to propel(推进) themselves effectively.Nekton are the free swimmers and probably the largest portio
6、n of familiar animals found in the ocean belong to this class.Common fishes, the octopus, whales, eels and squid are all examples of nekton.The third type of sea animal spends its entire life on or in the ocean bottom.This group of marine animals is called the benthos.Some of these creatures, such a
7、s lobsters and snails, may be able to move about on the bottom but their lifestyle is so bound up with the ocean floor that they are unable to survive away from this environment.【语篇解读】海洋是成千上万种动物和植物的家乡。海洋植物主要有两种：有根植物和浮游植物；海洋动物大体可分为三类：浮游动物、游泳动物和海底动物。1The text mainly tells us something about _Amarine p
8、lants and marine animalsBtwo types of sea plantsCthree kinds of sea animalsDsmall and big animals in the ocean解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了海洋生物的分类(海洋植物和海洋动物)以及它们的特点。答案：A2Why cant we find the rooted plants in deep water of the ocean?ABecause there are too many rocks at the bottom of the ocean.BBecause the rooted
9、plants cant stand the coldness of the ocean.CBecause there is not enough sunlight for them in deep water.DBecause the rooted plants need more sunlight than plants which have no roots.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，有根植物不能在很深的海底生存是因为那儿没有充足的阳光来进行光合作用。答案：C3One of the characteristics of zooplankton is that _Athey are
10、small and never grow to large sizeBsome of the zooplankton cant swim effectivelyCthey can swim freely in deep water of the oceanDthey need more sunlight than other animals in the ocean解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四段最后一句可知，有些浮游动物事实上不能自己前进，也就是说它们实际上不能游泳。答案：B4According to the last paragraph, we can conclude that _Abe
11、nthos live on the surface of the ocean waterBsome of the benthos cant live without the ocean floorCbenthos spend most of their time swimming in the oceanDbenthos can move about in the middle of the sea water解析：细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知海底动物离开海底不能生存。答案：BBDoris Carvalho，a woman from Tampa，America has come up wi
12、th an original way of combining her two greatest passionsveterinary science(兽医学) and fashion.She recycles dog hair and changes it into highend designer handbags. Doris loves her new job so much that she hopes to change it into a businessshes currently running a Kickstarter campaign to raise $ 15，000
13、 toward that purpose.Thats just enough money to make her first line of 30 handbags and pay for marketing.“These handbags prove that highend can be made ecofriendly from your pet for you，” she pointed out.“I turn dog hair that would be rubbish anywhere else in the world into these handbags.I use it t
14、o make the thread.Its reused and recycled.”It takes Doris about 50 hours to complete each one handbag without any machines.She needs about two pounds of fur per handbag and she insists that the completed handbag is as soft as any other fur.It is priced at $ 1，000，but she says that the price would go
15、 down if the products were to ever go into mass production.“I hope in the future I can make it cheaper and sell much cheaper for everyone，” she said.We arent sure how well these handbags are selling，but according to Jaime Calderbank，owner of One Lucky Dog in St Petersburg，it all depends on how much
16、people are willing to display their love for their dogs.“I think a few of them that really love their dogs would like something like that，” she said.Doris has managed to raise just $ 350 ever since she started the campaign，but she has 50 days to reach her $ 15，000 goal.“I hope people who like the campaign can help，” she said.“Any contributi
