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1、1 高考英语词组全归纳高考英语词组全归纳 Part one: 动词短语 基本要点：动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起，构成短语动词。最常见的有以下几类： I、动词、动词+介词介词（at, for, after, on, to, with, of, from, in, into, through, about 等）等）构成的词组,相 当于一个及物动词及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。 They finally agreed on the plan.This job calls for skills and patience. The bank was broken into last n
2、ight.Well think about it. II、动词、动词+副词副词(up, off, out, away, on, in, over, down, about,round/around 等等)构成的词组 1. 一部分为不及物动词短语，一部分为不及物动词短语， 不能直接加宾语，也无被动。 如： break out, come about, come out 2一部分为及物的动词短语一部分为及物的动词短语, 其宾语如果是名词，可前可后；若是代词，则只能放在当中。 You can call your teacher up=You can call up your teacher You
3、can call him up.Well think it over. III. 动词动词+副词副词+介词介词: 相当于及物动词相当于及物动词 We must make up for the lost time. 我们必须弥补弥补失去的时间。Do I have to do away with my habit? 我是不是得除掉除掉我的习惯？ IV. 动词动词+名词名词 / (反身反身)代词代词+介词介词: 相当于一及物动词 He never helps me without trying to take advantage of me. ( 利用利用)In school, I often ta
4、ke charge of various activities. （负责（负责 / 管理） 一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词 管理） 一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词 1. V+about(介词：关于介词：关于)：皆为及物短语动词及物短语动词 ask / inquire about: 询问的情况care about: 在乎在乎;/介意介意;关 注 关 注quarrel about/over 为争论/争吵 argue about/over 为争论/ /辩论debate about /on 为/关于辩论discuss about 讨 论，议论 worry about：担心con
5、cern about:关心，挂念know/learn about:了解 read about:读知, 阅后得知阅后得知talk about:谈论谈论hear about:听说（听说（=hear of） 2 complain about（ 抱怨/投诉）bring about 带来， 造成think about:考虑 speak about:谈到，谈论(=speak of)set about doing sth 着手着手做某事do sth about. 想办法想办法/采取措施解决采取措施解决. V+about(副词副词:到处到处/四周四周)：皆为不及物短语动词不及物短语动词 walk/go abo
6、ut:四处走动move about:四处走,经常搬家wander about:漫步/徘 徊 hang about :闲荡come about : 发生look about/around:环顾;(商店 中)四处看 2. V+across（介词或副词）（介词或副词） come across.:偶遇(=come upon)run across.:偶然发现/碰到cut across: 抄近路 穿过/横越; 影响 put /get() across to sb: 解释/传达，使某人明白 It took me an hour to get my intention across to her. 3. V+
7、after(介词介词) be after:寻求,寻找，追求go/run/chase after:追赶/逐look after:照顾 take after: 长得像;学某人的样ask after:探问/询问name. after.:以名字命 名. 4. V+along come along 跟着一起来 Will you come along with me?进展/进步 She is coming along nicely after the operation. bring/take。along 把带来/去get along /on 相处；进展get along/on with sb/sth 与
8、某人相处；在.进展 5. V+against(介词介词): argaue against:（发表意见）反对（发表意见）反对/反驳反驳be against:反对反对fight/struggle against: 与与做斗争做斗争 go against:违背，反对；对违背，反对；对.不利不利The case might go against him.He went against the advice of his colleagues and resigned.turn against:背叛背叛; 对采取敌对态度 . Even those who are once for him begin t
9、o turn against him. warn against: 警告不要, 提醒提防 I would warn against such an adventure 3 prevent /guard / provide against 预防 We have to provide against accidents.These rules can prevent /guard against accidents. 6 V+ apart(副词或形容词副词或形容词: 分别/分开的) take apart 拆开;剖析tear apart:扯/拆开,使心碎tell apart:分别/区别 set ap
10、art:区别，突出区别，突出fall/come apart: 瓦解/崩溃 7. V+ round(副词副词) get round 传开来传开来; 四处走动四处走动 It was not long before the news got round that Tracey was dating James. get sb round: 说服某人 He is determined and wont give insee if you can get him round get round to( doing) sth: 终于去做终于去做/找到时间做找到时间做 I havent even got r
11、ound to unpacking from my holiday yet. come round:恢复恢复/苏醒苏醒 Pour some water on his face hell soon come round.Dont scold the boy; hell come round in time. 改变意见改变意见 She will never come round (to our way of thinking). (非正式的)来访，到来；绕道；绕道 Come round when you have time. Christmas will soon come round. brin
12、g round/around(to.): 使某人恢复知觉使某人恢复知觉 We managed to bring her round with some smelling salt. 说服某人改变想法说服某人改变想法 Bring him round to our point of view 把话题转到把话题转到. He brought the discussion round to football. 8. V+aside(在一边,另外) put/leave/setaside:留出/拨出以备专用; 撇开/搁置一边不考虑lay aside:暂放一边throw aside:抛弃 aside from
13、 = besides 除.外(还有) 9. V+as(介词：充当介词：充当/作为作为) serve as:充当，用作act as: 扮演，充当work as: 充当,担任工作function as:充当 （功能） 10. V+at(介词介词) 4 shout /yell at:对叫喊knock at:敲laugh at:嘲笑fly at:扑向 point at:指向/着，对准come at:袭击,达到go at:扑向,尽力干catch at:想抓住, 渴望 shoot/fire at:向开火aim at 旨在；瞄准；企图target at 把瞄准attempt at 尝试尝试/企图; 努力 l
14、ook at:看stare at:盯着看;凝视glare at:怒视glance at 瞥见，瞥见，看一下 (浏览) call at sp:访问某地drop in at sp 顺便走访某地arrive at：到达; 达成 arrive at conclusion/agreement work at:从事,钻研wonder at:对惊奇estimate at: 估计 11.V+ away(副词副词) put away: 放好/收好；储存储存备用;舍弃give away:赠送，分送; 泄露turn away:解雇;把 打发走 send away:驱逐,解雇clear away:清除，移走wear
15、away: 磨掉磨掉,(时间时间)消逝消逝 throw away:扔掉,抛弃take away:拿走smooth away:克服，消除 pass away:去世/逝世go away:走开,离开die away(风/声音)渐息/渐弱;(树木) 凋零/枯萎 12. V+ back(副词副词) keep back:阻挡; 隐瞒;扣留hold back:忍住，抑制住忍住，抑制住bring back: 拿回；使使回想 起， 回想 起，使恢复 take back:带回；带回；撤销/收回（说的话） give back:归还;反射(光等)get back 找回/取回; 回来 call back:回电,召回处理
16、answer back:回嘴回嘴pay back:偿还，向偿还，向报复，回 报 报复，回 报 13. V+by(介词或副词介词或副词): go by 路过某地; 时间过去 pass by 经过某地； (时间)逝去 stand by 旁观(=look on);准备行动； 支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守 14.V+ down(介词或副词介词或副词) turn down:调低(音量等);拒绝某人let sb down 使某人失望put down：放下，记 下，镇压 5 note / put / take down:记下take down 取下；记下；拆卸tear/pull down 拆 毁 break down: 出毛病;破裂;崩溃；分解burn down 烧毁cut down: 削减，减少； 杀死，砍倒杀死，砍倒 keep down 压制；控制，缩减开支hold down 压制；抑制(热情等) 缩减缩减slow down 使 慢下来,减缓 knock down 击/撞倒;拆除拆除;使降价bring down 使降落
