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1、Unit 4 Grammar,Inversion,句子基本语序natural order,subject + predicate +object 宾,I love you.,Tom asked me to go to play football,语法精解,倒装 Inversion 把谓语放在主语之前就叫倒装结构。,全部倒装：,部分倒装：,全部谓语放在主语之前,只把助动词，be 动词或者 情态动词放在主语之前,全部倒装 1. 用于 there be 句型。 There are many students in the classroom.,原句自然顺序是： Many students are t
2、here in the classroom.,2. 由副词here，there，then, out等开头的句子，谓语动词是be，come，go，rush等，且主语是名词时。表示强调或者语言更生动。,Here comes the bus. Then came the chairman. Now comes our turn. Out rushed the boys when they heard the bell.,注意：,主语为代词是, 主谓语序不变。,Here it is. In he comes. Here you are.,3.当直接引语的宾语被放在句子前面时，如果主语不是代词，一般要完
3、全倒装： “Give me ten dollars,” said the boy to his mother 比较： the boy said to his mother， “Give me ten dollars.”,4. 出于强调，当表示位置的介词词组放在句首作状语时,也常引起全部倒装。,Beside the man sits a beautiful lady. Under the tree stands a little boy.,In Beijing I met an old friend.,注意：,如果介词短语表示地点，一般不倒装,5. 有时倒装是因为句子主语有较长的修饰语。 形容词
4、连系动词主语 Present at the meeting were Professor Black, Professor Smith and many other guests.,2) 过去分词连系动词主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 3) 介词连系动词主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,6. 为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。 They arrived at a farmhouse
5、, in front of which sat a small boy. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.,强调状语,保持句子结构平衡,1. 用于疑问句 Do you speak English? 2. 用于省略if 的虚拟条件句 Were I you,I would drop him.,由 If I were you这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。,部分倒装,3. 用于“形容词(或名词、动词) as ” 引导的让步状语从句。 Pr
6、etty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they dont know how to spend it.,4. 用于no sooner than, hardly when 和 not until的句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.,5. 用于 never, hardly, s
7、eldom, scarcely, little, at no time, barely, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定词开头的句子里。 1. Seldom do I go shopping. 2. Never shall I do this again. 3.At no time can you say “no” to the order. 4.Little do I dream I would see you here.,not only(放句首).but also.连接两个并列分句，以及 no sooner.than.，hardly.when. 句型前倒,后不
8、倒。 1.Not only do I know the news ，but (also) the teacher does. 2.Hardly had Tom got home when the phone rang. 3. No sooner had he finished his homework than John came.,not until.句型中前面的从句不倒装，后面的主句用部分倒装。 Not until I reached home did I find that I had lost the wallet. 直到回到家我才发现钱包丢了。,6. only修饰副词、介词短语或状语
9、从句放句首，主句倒装。 1. Only in this way can you learn English well. 2. Only when he told me did I realize how hard he was.,【温馨提示】 only修饰的如果是主语，位于句首时，主谓不倒装。如： 1.Only his brother is right. 只有他哥哥是对的。 Only you know me !,7. so, nor, neither 开头的句子,表示与前句重复的内容时，句子倒装。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致，单复数与后面主语一致。 1. He has been to B
10、eijing. So have I. 2. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. 3. They are international students, so is Mary.,4.I dont want to know him，neither (nor) do I want to learn anything about him. 我不想认识他，也不想了解他的任何情况。,4. He has been to Beijing.,So have I.,So he has,我也去过。 他确实去过。,注意：,8. 在 so / such th
11、at 的结构中,若so 置于句首,则句子部分倒装 1.So difficult a problem is it that I cant work it out. 2.Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.,such作表语，置于句首，意为“就是如此”。 他就是这样说的。 Such were his words. Such was what he said.,9. 用于 某些祝愿的句子。 May you succeed. May you live long!,1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with
12、his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also,配套练习,. Multiple choices.,2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. d
13、idnt the villagers realized,3. Only in this way _ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 4. Hardly _ when it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive,5. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did reali
14、ze C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made,7. No sooner _ his talk than he _ by the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D
15、. after he finished; was surrounded near,8. Little _ know about verbs, Franz _ his head. A. did he; dare not lift B. he; dare not lift C. did he; dare not to lift D. doesnt; doesnt dare lift,9. Not only _ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes 10. I finally got the job. Never in all life_ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt,11. In no country _ Britain, it has been said, _ experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A. other than; one can B. other than; can
