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1、任务5 三相异步电动机的 降压启动控制线路,全压启动：启动时加在电动机定子绕组上的电压为电动机的额定电压。 降压启动：利用启动设备将电压适当降低后，加到电动机的定子绕组上进行启动，待电动机启动运转后，再使其电压恢复到额定电压正常运转。 电动机的直接启动条件：,一、定子绕组串接电阻降压启动控制线路,电动机启动时，在电动机的定子绕组上串联电 阻，由于电阻的分压作用，使加在电动机的定子绕 组上的电压低于电源电压，待启动后，再将电阻短 接，电动机便在额定电压下正常运行。,.手动控制串联电阻降压启动,电路组成分析,.手动控制串联电阻降压启动,合上电源开关QS1，电动机串联电阻降压启动,.手动控制串联电阻
2、降压启动,合上QS2，电阻R被短接，电动机全压正常运转,M 3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,FR,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,FR,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,合上电源开关QS,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,
3、降压启动: 按下SB1 KM1线圈得电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,松开SB1, 继续电动机降压启动,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KT延时闭合, KM2线圈得电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,K
4、M2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM2 联锁触头断开,对KM1联锁,KM1线圈失电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM2 自锁触头闭合,自锁 KM2主触头闭合,电阻被短路,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM
5、1自锁触头闭合,自锁 KM1主触头闭合,电动机降压启动KM1动合辅助触头闭合,KT线圈得电,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1自锁触头断开,解除自锁 KM1主触头断开，电动机全压运行 KM1动合辅助触头断开,KT线圈失电,KT延时闭合触头瞬时断开,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KM2,SB1,SB2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,U,V,W,QS,KM2,K
6、T,KM1,停： 按下SB2,M 3,FR,FR,2.时间继电器控制串联电阻降压启动,KT,二、自耦变压器降压启动控制线路,自耦变压器降压启动：在电动机启动时利用 自耦变压器来降低加在电动机定子绕组上的启动 电压。待电动机启动后，再使电动机与自耦变压 器脱离，从而在全压下正常运行。,自耦变压器降压启动原理图,1. 手动自耦降压启动器,QJD3系列手动自耦降压启动器外形及电路图,QJ10系列空气式手动自耦降压启动器电路图,2.XJ01系列自耦降压启动箱,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,FR,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,
7、KT,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,TM,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,合上电源开关QS,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,按SB2 KM1线圈得电,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1
8、,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1联锁触头分断，对KM3联锁，KM1主触头闭合，自耦变压器TM联结成星形 KM1动合辅助触头闭合，KM2线圈得电，KT线圈得电,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM2主触头闭合，电动机M接入电机降压启动 KM2动合辅助触头闭合，自锁，松开SB2,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KT延时断开的动断触头延时分断 KM1线圈失电 KT延时闭合的动合触头延时闭合,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,KM3,KM1,KM1线圈失电 KM1动合触头分断KM1主触头分断 电动机M失电惯性运行 KM1联锁触头闭合,TM,FR,KT,U1,V1,W1,KM3,SB2,KM1,KT,KM2,SB1,KM3,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM3,QS,KM2,KT,KM1,KM1,KM2,
