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1、Lesson 39 Am I all right?,Vocabulary,operation n. 1. 手术2. 操作, 运转, 经营3. 行动, 活动 The doctor advised an immediate operation . They were also given the opportunity to do some operation . operate vi. (对)动手术 v.运转; 操作;经营, successful adj. 成功的 She is a successful businesswoman. success n. 成功 Confidence of suc
2、cess is almost success. succeed v. Shes the type of person who succeeds anywhere.,following adj. 下一个 第二天the next day, the following day 第二个星期the next week, the following week patient n 患者, 病人 The patient was amused at the music. adj. 有耐心的 Enid was a good teacher. She was very patient with her pupils
3、. patiently adv.,alone adj. 独自的 alone 用作形容词，通常只是表示客观上的一个人，而不表示寂寞或孤独等感情色彩，并且在句中只用作表语。 lone用作形容词,表示“孤单的”、“单独的”、“无伴的”等，通常只用作定语: a lone house in the field lonely 表示“寂寞的”、“孤寂的”，带有较强感情色彩，相当于 sad because one lacks friends or companions，可用来说明人，也可用来说明 life, days, years 等; 可用作表语或定语。 leave me alone我烦着呢, 别理我 /
4、leave him alone 让他一个人呆会儿,exchange n. (电话的)交换局 exchange n.交换, 调换, 兑换, 交流, There have been numerous exchanges of views between the two governments. vt.交换, 调换 They exchanged experience at the meeting . inquire v. 询问, 打听 inquire sth of sb 从某人那打听 inquire about sth,certain adj. 某个 some+可数名词单数时表示某个(某一个) ce
5、rtain 后面的东西不能定 a certain boy / two certain boys 某一个 a certain +n : a certain patient = some patient 某两个two certain +n(复数) : two certain patient for some reason由于某个理由,caller n 1.打电话的人2.访问者,探望者 The operator told the caller that the line is busy. He is one of the regular callers here. relative n. a mem
6、ber of your family My uncle is my nearest relative.,Grammar,直接引语 and 间接引语 在日常交流中，有时我们需要引述别人的话。直接引用别人的原话（放在引号内）就是直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。,二、直接引语转换成间接引语时，间接引语多为带宾语从句的主从复合句，转移过程应注意下列变化： 1）动词 间接引语主句动词主要有say, ask , tell, wonder 等。如： He said to mum, “I can do house work for you.” He told mum that he could d
7、o housework for her. She said to me, “Do you like milk?”She asked me if I liked milk.,2) 句式/连词,陈述句：say +that从句 tell+ sb. +that从句 She said to me“ I will came back an hour ago.“ She told me (she said to me) that she had come back an hour before.,一般疑问句：ask/wonder + whether/ if+从句 She said ,“Are you goi
8、ng interested in English. He ask (me) if /whether I was interested in English. 选择疑问句： ask/wonder + whether+or/or not I asked him, “will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?“ I ask him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. 反意疑问句：ask/wonder + whether/if +从句 “Youve already got
9、well, havent you?“ she asked. She asked whether /if he (I ) had already got well. 特殊疑问句： ask+ sb.+特殊疑问词+从句 He ask me ,“Whats your name?”（疑问语序） He asked me what my name was.（陈述语序）,如果在直接引语的特殊疑问句中，疑问词做主语或主语的修饰语，则语序不需要变化. “Who can answer my question?” the teacher said to us. The teacher asked us who cou
10、ld answer the question. “Whose picture is the most beautiful in your class?“ asked the boys father. The boys father asked him whose picture was the most beautiful in his class.,祈使句：ask/tell/advice/+ sb.+ (not) to do sth suggest that+从句 He said to me “shut the window, please”（肯定句） He ask me to shut t
11、he window. He said,“ Dont make so much noise”（否定句） He told us not to make so much noise. “Lets go to the cinema.“ Tom said.（表建议） Tom suggested that they should go to the cinema. 感叹句： What或that引导 She said,“ What a lovely day it is!“ She said what a lovely day it was. She said that it was a lovely day
12、. He said,“ How interesting the story is!“ She said how interesting the story was. He said that the story was interesting.,直接引语转换成间接引语“闯五关”,第一关：人称代词与指示代词 直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称代词和指示代词的变化。要根据说话的对象进行人称的变化，并使句子的意思前后一致。如： “You should be careful next time，”my father said to me. My father told me that I should
13、be careful next time. Tom said to me, “ I can help you with your English.” Tom told me that he could help me with my English. He said, “This book isnt mine.” He said that book wasnt his.,人称 人称的变化“一主、二宾、三不变”。 意为在改为间接引语时，直接引语里的第一人称照主句的主语变化。第二人称看主语的宾语而变化，第三人称无需变化。 Tom said to Kate , “Are you going ther
14、e with me?“ Tom ask Kate if she was going with him. 第一人称me随主语Tom变化为him,，第二人称you随Kate变化为she。 Kate said to Tom , “Are you going there with me?“ Kate ask Tom if he was going with her. 第一人称me随主语Kate变化为her,第二人称you随宾语Tom变成he。 I said to Tom , “Are you going there with me?“ i ask Tom if he was going with me
15、. 第一人称me随主语I 变化，第二人称you随Tom变化为he.,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化,第二关：引导词 1. 如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，要用连词that来引导。如： She said, “Im very glad to have such a chance.” She said that she was very glad to have such a chance. 2. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。如： He asked me, “Do you like the film?” He asked me i
16、f/whether I liked the film. 3. 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用相应的疑问词引导。如： My sister asked me, “What are you doing?” My sister asked me what I was doing.,第三关：时间状语和地点状语 直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语等要做相应的变化。如把now改为then, today改为that day, yesterday改为the day before, ago改为before, tomorrow改为the next day, here改为there等。 He said, “Ill go there today.” He said that he would go there that day. 注意： 如果当地转述，here不必改为there,动词come 不用改成go,如果当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow也不用改变。 Kate said,“ I wil
