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1、1教育硕士备考之心理学名词中英文对照感觉记忆（SM）sensory memory 短期记忆（STM）short-term M.长期记忆（LTM）long-term memory 复诵-rehearsal预示(激发)-priming 童年失忆症-childhood amnesia视觉编码（表征）-visual code (representation) 听觉编码acoustic code运作记忆-working memory 语意性知识semantic knowledge记忆扫瞄程序memory scanning procedure 竭尽式扫瞄程序-exhaustive S.P.自我终止式扫瞄s
2、elf-terminated scanning 程序性知识procedural knowledge命题（陈述）性知识-propositional（declarative）knowledge情节（轶事）性知识episodic K. 讯息处理深度depth of processing精致化处理elaboration 登录特殊性coding specificity记忆术mnemonic 位置记忆法method of loci字钩法peg word （线）探索（测）( 激发)字prime关键词-key word 命题思考-propositional thought 心像思考-imaginal thou
3、ght 行动思考-motoric thought概念-concept原型-prototype 属性-property 特征-feature范例策略-exemplar strategy 语言相对性（假说） linguistic relativity th.音素-phoneme 词素-morpheme(字词的) 外延与内涵意义denotative & connotative meaning （句子的）表层与深层结构surface & deep structure语意分析法-semantic differential 全句语言holophrastic speech过度延伸-over-extensio
4、n 电报式语言telegraphic speech关键期-critical period 差异减缩法-difference reduction方法目的分析-means-ends analysis 倒推-working backward动机-motive 自由意志 -free will决定论-determinism 本能-instinct种属特有行为-species specific 驱力-drive诱因-incentive 驱力减低说-drive reduction theory恒定状态（作用）homeostasis 原级与次级动机primary & secondary M.功能独立funct
5、ional autonomy 下视丘侧部（LH）lateral hypothalamus脂肪细胞说-fat-cell theory 下视丘腹中部（VMH ）ventromedial H定点论-set point theory. CCK胆囊调节激素第一性征-primary sex characteristic 第二性征-secondary sex characteristic自我效能期望self-efficiency expectancy 内在（发）动机intrinsic motive外在（衍）动机extrinsic motive 成就需求 -N. achievement需求层级hierarch
6、y of needs 自我实现 -self actualization冲突-conflict 多项仪-polygraph肤电反应-GSR (认知)评估-(cognitive appraisal 脸部回馈假说-facial feedback hypothesis (生理)激发-arousal挫折-攻击假说-frustration-aggression hypothesis 替代学习 -vicarious learning发展-development 先天-nature 2后天-nurture 成熟-maturation(视觉)偏好法-preferential method习惯法-habituat
7、ion 视觉悬崖 -visual cliff剥夺或丰富(环境)-deprivation or enrichment of env. 基模-schema同化-assimilation 调适-accommodation平衡-equilibrium 传承-generativity 感觉动作期-sensorimotor stage 物体永久性-objective permanence运思前期-preoperational st. 保留概念-conservation道德现实主义-moral realism 具体运思期-concrete operational形式运思期-formal operationa
8、l st. 前俗例道德-pre-conventional moral俗例道德-conventional moral 超俗例道德 -post-conventional moral气质-temperament 依附-attachment性别认定-gender identity 性别配合-sex typing性蕾期-phallic stage 性别恒定-gender constancy恋亲冲突Oedipal conflict 认同-identification社会学习-social learning 情结-complex青年期-adolescence 青春期- -puberty第二性征-second
9、ary sex characteristics 认同危机 -identity crisis定向统合-identity achievement 早闭型统合-foreclosure未定型统合-moratorium 迷失型统合-identity diffusion心理动力-psycho-dynamics 心理分析-psychoanalysis行为论-behaviorism 心理生物观 -psycho-biological perspective认知-cognition 临床心理学家 -clinical psychologist谘商-counseling 人因工程-human factor engin
10、eering组织-organization 潜意识-unconsciousness完形心理学-Gestalt psychology 感觉-sensation知觉-perception 实验法-experimental method独变项-independent variable 依变项-dependent V.控制变项-control V. 生理-physiology条件化-conditioning 学习-learning比较心理学-comparative psy. 发展-development社会心理学-social psy. 人格-personality心理计量学psychometrics 受试( 者)-subject实验者预期效应experimenter expectancy effect双盲法-double blind 实地实验 -field experiment相关-correlation 调查-survey访谈-interview
