英语语法英语语法四级大全

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1、关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里http:/ 1)要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.(对) He is more clever than his brother.(对) He is clever than his brother.2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。The population o

2、f Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。比较:Which is large, Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.4.10 可修饰比较级的词1)a bi

3、t, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。3)以上词(除 by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。典型例题: 1)- Are you feeling _? - Yes,Im fine now.A. any wellB. any betterC. quite good D. quite better答案:B. any 可修饰比较级,quite 修饰原级,well 的比较级为 better.2)The ex

4、periment was_ easier than we had expected. A. more B.much more C.muchD.more much答案:C. much 可修饰比较级,因此 B,C 都说得通,但 easier本身已是比较级,不需more,因此 C为正确答案。3)If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school.A. the happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D.a much happier time答案:D。4.11 ma

5、ny,old 和 far1) 如果后接名词时, much more +不可数名词many more +可数名词复数2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和 elder/eldest。 elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。My elder brother is an engineer.Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.3) far 有两种比较级,farther,further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中,father 表示距离,further 表示进一步。I have nothing furthe

6、r to say.4.12 the + 最高级 + 比较范围1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。形容词 most前面没有 the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示非常。It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(对)Tom is the tallest of th

7、e three brothers.2) 下列词可修饰最高级,by far, far, much, mostly, almostThis hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意:a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与 much不同。This is the very best.This is much the best.b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the second largest continent.3) 句型转换:Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelli

8、gent than any other students in his class.4) 否定词语+比较级,否定词语+ so as结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.4.13 和 more有关的词组1) the more the more越就越The harder you work,the greater progress youll make.2) more B than A与其说 A不如说 Bless A than B He is more

9、lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work.3) no more than 与 一样 ,不比多The officials could see no more than the Emperor.no less than与一样He is no less diligent than you.4) more than不只是,非常She is more than kind to us all.典型例题1)The weather in China is different from_.A. in America B.

10、 one in America C. America D. that in America 答案:D. 本题意为 中国的天气比美国热。比较的是天气而不是国家,C 不能选。A 没有名词,后句成分不全,排除。B 和 D中,B 中的 one常用来代替可数名词,而 that可车以代替不可数或抽象名词,所以选 D。2)After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice manyB. as many twiceC. twice as ma

11、nyD. twice many as 答案 C. 此句意为这个厂 1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍。 表示倍数用倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象的句型。所以此句答案为 C。This ruler is three times as long as that one.5. 动词1) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。2) 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb) 、系动词(Link Verb) 、助动词(Auxiliary Verb) 、情态动词(Modal Verb) 。说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如:We are having a

12、 meeting. 我们正在开会。 (having 是实义动词。 )He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。(has 是助动词。 )3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb) 、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb) ,缩写形式分别为 vt. 和 vi.。说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如:She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。 (sing 在此用作不及物动词。 )She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。 (sin

13、g 用作及物动词。 )4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(Finite Verb) 、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如:She sings very well.她唱得很好。 (sing 受主语 she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式 sings。 )She wants to learn English well.她想学好英语。 (to learn不受主语 she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive) 、动名词(Gerund) 、分词(Participle) 。5)根据动词的组成形式

14、,可分为三类,分别是:单字词(One-Word Verb) 、短语动词(Phrasal Verb) 、动词短语(Verbal Phrase)例如:The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。 (contains 是单字动词。 )Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries.学生们学会查字典。 (look up是短语动词。 )The young ought to take care of the ol

15、d.年轻人应照料老人。 (take care of是动词短语。 )6)动词有五种形态,分别是:原形(Original Form) 、第三人称单数形式(Singular From in Third Personal) 、过去式(Past Form) 、过去分词(Past Participle) 、现在分词(Present Participle) 。5.1 系动词系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb) ,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语) ,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。说明:有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。 (fell 是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。 )He fell off the ladder.他从梯子上摔下来。fell 是实义动词,单独作谓语。1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有 be一词,例如:He is a teacher.他是一名教师。 (is 与补足语一起说明主语的身份。 )2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有 keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:He always kept silent at meeting.

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