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1、The ing form as the Subject , Object ，Predictive, Attributive and Object Complement,Grammar,加连词（and / but / so） 放入从句 用非谓语动词,在英语中，一个独立句子里只能有一个主谓结构，如果出现多个动词：,Q: 什么时候用非谓语动词？,Q: 什么是非谓语动词？,There have been several new events added to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.Whenever he was asked why
2、 he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always offering the same excuse. In the dream Peter saw himself ran after by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket covering the desert.,找出下列句子中的谓语 及非谓语,have been,added,would answer,offering,saw,woke
3、,run,looked,covering,谓语,非谓语,4,过去分词 v-ed,不定式 to + v.,动词的v-ing,非谓语动词,Q: 非谓语动词有哪些？,Have you ever seen these signs?,parking, spitting, littering, smoking,-ing forms,指出-ing形式在下面句中的成分。 Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. He enjoys listening to violin music. China is a developing country
4、. The music is exciting. We heard her singing in her room. Being ill, she went back home.,主语,宾语,定语,表语,宾语补足语,状语,The ing form 构成： 1.一般情况 rain- 2.以e结尾的动词 hope- 3.重读闭音节的动词stop- 4.以ie结尾的动词 die- lie- tie-,raining,hoping,stopping,dying,lying,tying,归纳总结： 动词-ing是_中的一种，单独使用时，能在句中做除_之外的任何其他句子成分。如：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状
5、语、宾补等。在语态上，动词-ing表示_（主动/被动)的动作。在时间上，动词-ing一般表示_（正在进行/已经完成）的动作。,动词非谓语形式,谓语,主动,正在进行,1. 动词-ing形式的构成: 是在动词末尾加-ing 形式构成, 因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。 如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc. 否定形式: not+ -ing 构成 2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和 数的变化, 但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有 时态和语态的变化。 3. 动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中可以 作主语
6、、宾语等。,Ing 时 态 和 语 态,重点,注：否定式在其一般式和完成式前面加not,一、动词-ing形式作主语 表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。如： 1）Walking is a good form of exercisefor both young and old. 2）Watching news on TV has becomea routine for me. 3）Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 4）Asking a womans age is impolite in our country.,2
7、. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it 作形式主语, 用形容词或名词作表语。 常见的名词或名词短语有: no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time 等; 形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile,useless等。,归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做是没益/用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doi
8、ng 做不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的 There be no doing 无法 ， 不允许,和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 It is useless trying to argue with Shylock 这事值得去做。 Its worth making the effort 若要人不知，除非己莫为。 There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no joking about such matter.,There is no sense in doing
9、做、没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干、无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比、更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干、无意义 我们不知道要去哪儿。 There was no knowing where we would go. 做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing.,3. 在there be no.结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do ”。,There is no se
10、nse in doing 做没有道理 There is/was no use doing 做无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比更糟的 There is/was no point doing 做无意义,1)There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 若要人不知, 除非己莫为。 2)There is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。 3)There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。,Try t
11、o tell the meaning of each sentence.,注意: There is no need to do sth 没必要做某事, 在此句式中to do 不可换为doing. There is no need to tell her. 提示: 当动名词用作主语时, 其逻辑主语由 形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。1）My sisters being ill made me worried. 2）Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong.,动名词与不定式做主语时的比较： 动名词表示的动作通常是一个习惯性的长
12、期进行 的动作, 不定式则通常表示动作的一次性或短暂性。 e.g.1）Teaching English is my job. 2）Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 3）To reach there on time is my task.,二、动名词用作宾语动名词作宾语有两种情况。 1. 只能后接-ing作宾语的动词, 常见的有 avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind
13、, miss, practise, cannot stand, excuse, fancy, give up, put off, risk, insist on, look forward, feel like等。 e.g. 1）I cant avoid going 2）Have you considered looking for one special friend? 3）People couldnt help laughing foolish man,避免错过少延期 avoid/ miss/ delay/ postpone 建议完成多练习 suggest/advise/finish/co
14、mplete/ practice 喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy/ imagine/ cant help 承认否定与嫉妒 admit/ deny/ envy 逃避冒险莫宽恕 escape/ risk/ forgive/ excuse 忍受保持不介意 stand/ keep/ mind 允许感激和考虑 allow/ permit/ appreciate/ consider 明白鼓励要禁止 understand/ encourage/ forbid,2. 既可接-ing和to do作宾语的动词, 常见的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, by,
15、 mean, forget，remember, hate等。 A. 在 like, love, hate, prefer等动词之后， 用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同, 只是侧重 点有些不同, ing表示泛指的动作, to do表示具体的一次性动作。 B. 在 begin/start, continue之后, 用动名词和 不定式, 意义没有什么不同, 尤其是当主语是 人的时候。,C. 在动词forget, remember, regret之后, 用 动名词与不定式意义不同。 -ing 表示动作已经发生, -to do 表示动作还没发生； I remember posting the let
16、ter Ill remember to post the letter I shall never forget seeing the famous writer Dont forget to write to your mother I regret missing the report I regret to say I cant take your advice,D. 意义各不相同 try to do (设法) mean to do (打算, 有意要做) try doing (试试) mean doing (意思是, 意味着) be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事 cant help doing 禁不住做某事 cant help to do 不能帮助做某事,
