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1、Object Clauses 宾语从句,M3U3 Grammar,什么是宾语？,I know him. Do you have the time? I think (that) she is beautiful. Why dont you pay attention to me?,宾语 位于谓语动词或者介词后,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,一、宾语从句的概念,在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 eg. We kn
2、ow Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词） 语 序 时 态,Mr Green teaches English,if these answers were right,从属连词 that, whether, if,连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what,（一）引导词,1,2,3,连接副词 where,how,why,when,e.g. I hear (that) _. He said (that) _.,he will be back in an
3、 hour,he missed us very much,由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,that不能省略的3种情况,(1) that 引导多个并列宾语从句，第二个及 以后的that不可省。 He told me he would have a party and that he wanted me to take part in. (2)当that作介词except, in, but的宾语时 I know nothing about him except that he is from Beijing. 但：You
4、 may depend on it that Ill help you. (3)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,1. I want to know _ _. 2. Ask him _.,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,if/ whether “是否”，常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等
5、后。,只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况,1.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I dont know whether hes free or not. 2. 在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.) ： They asked me whether to go skating. 3.在介词后面： We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 4. 宾语从句提前时： Whether this is true, I cant say.,Practice time,if / whether 1. I asked
6、her _ she had a bike. 2. Were worried about _ he is safe. 3. I wonder _ he is well. 4. I dont know _ or not he is well. 5. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,whether,whether /if,whether,whether,1. He asked _. 2. Do you know_? 3. He asked_. 4. Do you know _? 5. Please tell me _. 6. Can you tell me _?
7、7. Could you tell me _?,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,whose bike was the best in the class,when well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从,代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，
8、不可省略。,二、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What did he want to buy ? I dont know what did he want to buy . I dont know what he wanted to buy .,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,Wh
9、ats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?,注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：,eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there? Can you tell me who he is ?,做主语,做表语,否定的转移,若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等， 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移
10、到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。,I dont think this dress fits you well.,I dont believe you will finish the work today.,I know he _（live) here . I know he _ (live) here ten years ago . I have heard that he_(come)tomorrow .,三、时态,1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何 时态，根据实际情况而定。,2.如果主句是过去的时态,从句的时态一定 要用相对应的过去的某种时态,I knew who _(live) he
11、re. I saw she _(talk)with her mother. He asked whether his father_(come) back tomorrow. He said that he _(see) it .,lives,lived,will come,lived,was talking,would come,had seen,The boss told me he was born in 1960. I heard that he went to Paris last night.,3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时,仍用一般现在时。,Dad told u
12、s that it _better to do than to say. He told the boy that three and three _six. He told me the earth _(move)around the sun.,4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。,is,is,moves,宾语从句 三要素,时 态,Summary (小结）,引导词（连接词）,语 序,The predicative Clauses 表语从句,M3U3 Grammar,表语从句,在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be/ 系动词后面)叫做表语从句。,我们的目的是他能认
13、识到错误。,Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.,1.注意：引导表语从句的连接词that一般不省略。,问题是它是否值得做。,The question is whether it is worth doing.,2. 注意：表语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”,他为什么迟到的原因是交通拥挤。 The reason why he was late was that the traffic was busy. 3. 注意：有reason时表语从句不用because而 用that He was late, thats be
14、cause the traffic was busy. The traffic was busy, thats why he was late. 4.It is /was because . It is /was why. The reason (why/for)is /was that. 作为常用结构记,试区分以下句子,Is this museum what you visited?,Is this the museum that you visited?,Is this museum the one that you visited?,注意：这种句子考试时一定要把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断
15、句子是属于哪种从句再完成。,(表从),(定从),(定从),1. The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2. We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,
