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1、Non-figure Charts,长沙新东方 傅阳 Version0907,Flow Charts,flow chart,流程图会偶尔在考试中出现。有时候以时间先后关系(chronological order)排列，有时候以空间关系(spatial order)组合，但是与数据图基本的解题思路类似。(1)题目特点：这类题目当中不出现任何数据，而是以示意图的方式现。(2)解题思路：首先应该判断该图的组合方式是以时间关系还是空间关系进行。如果是按时间关系排列的话，那么按照各个步骤的先后顺序写作。如果是按空间关系排列的话，那么按照空间的上下内外进行比较。,Basic Concepts,proces
2、s/flow/stage/step1. 时间/逻辑顺序连词To begin with/firstly Then, after, consequently, The last step, finally 2. 表示步骤内容：主动 被动We should put a table a table should be put. 3. 表示方位，功能，意义 ，which 定从 4. 评价步骤，提醒注意： significant/essential/vital/indispensabletrivial/optional/.,3.表示方位，功能，意义 ，which 定从, , which located/s
3、ituated/has been put in, is(方位) , which is used to / function(s) as/serve(s) to / is aiming to, is(功能) , which is important/ trivial/optional , is(意义),Screen location= on desk Function= show the graph Significance= indispensable (评价) The screen is usually put on the desk, as an indispensable part of
4、 a computer, which is used to/ serves the purpose of/ fulfill the job of presenting the graphs in front of us.,1. diagram for scientific experimentParagraph 2 = how should we organize the preparation(准备的步骤 按试验顺序，逻辑顺序) Paragraph 3 = introduce the simple (common sense) scientific process,You should sp
5、end about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram below shows the method of obtaining water outdoors. You should write at least 150 words.,第一步骤,According to the figure, the first step of obtaining water outdoors is to find a hole, is done to form(形成)/construct/build an .Done= hung(挂)，dug(挖)，cut(剪), lai
6、d ，turned on(打开)，open，filled，removed， put， pasted，covered，uncovered are applied=复杂的做(用)法,为了什么目的（in order to+ 主动语态）and stones are applied on both sides of the sheet on the edge （which is） in order to(目的和功能) secure（=stabilize） its position 达到什么效果（as a result/therefore/ Thus + 被动语态）Another stone is bei
7、ng put in the middle/centre of the sheet and as a result the middle part becomes the lowest part in the sheet., is , which enables/allows/ realizes the gene is then attached to a vector, which enables the gene to enter a new cell.,According to the figure, earth is removed from the ground to form(形成)
8、 an indented place. (some plant was put into the ground and among which a container was laid ). A plastic sheet is being used to cover the ground and stones are applied on both sides of the sheet on the edge (in order) to(目的和功能) secure（=stabilize） its position. Another stone is being put in the midd
9、le/centre of the sheet and as a result the middle part becomes the lowest part in the sheet.,The chart describes how water is obtained outdoors. According to the figure, the first step of obtaining water outdoors is to find a hole with green plants on the bottom. Next, remove the green plants on the
10、 middle of the bottom and put a container there. Then, cover the hole with a plastic sheet and place two stones on both ends of it to secure its position. A third stone is laid on the middle of the plastic sheet so that the middle part is also the lowest part.,对一个（自然）现象的描述 When/now the sun shines on
11、 the green plants in the hole, thereafter, water evaporates (rises up) from these plants. The vapor rises up and then condenses （cools down） to form water drops on the plastic sheet. When there is more and more water（when the water accumulates）, it flows along the sheet to accumulate on the lowest p
12、art. Finally, water falls down into the container directly under the middle stone. Thus, water is collected successfully through evaporation from green plants.,常用的科学过程描绘词,evaporate condense vaporise distill purify filter boil erupt deposit percolate circulate attach separate isolate ventilate connec
13、t,试验intro 和 conclusion,The chart describes how water is obtained outdoors.Thus, water is collected successfully through evaporation from green plants.,You should spend at least 20 minutes on this task. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the genetic engineering pro
14、cess chart below. You should write at least 150 words.,位置上的包含关系AAA is situated at BBB, which is the of/belongs to CCC centre/edge in DDD.first of all， AAA are identified along/in BBB, which can be found in the CCC at the centre/edge of DDD.,This diagram shows the constituent parts of a cell and how
15、the genetic information within a cell, which is stored in chromosomes, can be transferred to another cell to complete the process of genetic modification.The chart describes how the process of genetic modification is completed. the constituent parts (内部构造) of a cell,To begin the genetic engineering
16、process, first of all， genes are identified along chromosome strands, which can be found in the nucleus of a cell. In the next stage/step, particular genes are isolated by genetic engineers and are then biochemically cut out of their chromosomal strands. Following this, in the next stage, the gene is then attached to a vector, which enables the gene to enter a new cell. This combining of genetic information from one cell kind to another is the essence/critical part of the genetic engineering process.,
