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1、一、一、一般现在时的用法一般现在时的用法一般现在时态的构成：主语是一般现在时态的构成：主语是 I, we, you, they 和名词复数时作谓语的行为和名词复数时作谓语的行为 动词用原形。主语是动词用原形。主语是 he, she , it 和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾 变化如下：变化如下： 一般情况一般情况 s 以以 s, x, ch, sh 或或 o 结尾结尾 es 以辅音以辅音y 结尾结尾 去去 y 变变 ies 2）一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以）一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以 be 和和 like 为例）：为例）
2、： 主主 语语 肯肯 定定 式式 否否 定定 式式 疑疑 问问 式式 第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I am a student. We/You/ They are students. He/ She is a student. I / We/ You/ They/ like music. Many people like music. I am not a student. We/You/ They are not students. He/ She is not a student. I / We/ You/ They/ dont like
3、music. Many people dont like music. Are you a student. Are you/ they students? Is he/ she a student? Do you/ they like music? Do many people like music? 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every, sometimes, at, on SundayI leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves aro
4、und the sun. 3) 表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一 般现在时。例如： Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的
5、示范性动作，表示言行 的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句 中的 now 是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况。 知识扩展：一般现在时表将来知识扩展：一般现在时表将来 1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 的一般现在时表将来。 这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：Here comes the bus.
6、 = The bus is coming.3）在时间或条件句中。When Bill comes (不是 will come), ask him to wait for me. 4）在动词 hope, take care that, make sure that 等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. - May I help you, sir?- Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it _.A. didnt work B. doesnt work C. wont work D.
7、cant work 2_ the bus until it _A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Dont get off, stops D. Dont get off, will stop 。 3The 70-year-old man _ exercises in the morning.A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take二、一般过去时的用法一般过去时的构成：用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下： 一般情况 +ed 以 e 字母结尾的辅音 +d 以辅音字母y 结尾 去 y 变 ie
8、d 重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾字母 +ed 2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以 be 和 like 为例）： 主 语 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式 第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I was a student. We/You/ They were students. He/ She was a student.I / We/ You/ They/ liked music. Many people liked music. I was not a student. We/You/ They were not students. He/ Sh
9、e was not a student. I / We/ You/ They/ didnt like music. Many people didnt like music. Were you a student. Were you/ they students? Was he/ she a student? Did you/ they like music? Did many people like music? 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 等
10、。I saw Tom in the street yesterday. 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。（1）动词 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me.（2）情态动词 could, would，例如：Could you lend me your bike? 4）用在
11、条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。If he were here now, we could turn to him for help. 注意比较下列句型： It is time for sb. to do sth “到时间了；该了”，例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该了”，例如：It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示“宁愿某人做某事”，例如：Id rather yo
12、u came tomorrow. 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔 基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州， 有可能指刚离去) r. Mo
13、tt is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 2-Hi, Tom.-Hello, Fancy. I _ you were here.A.dont know B.wont think C. think D. didnt know 3He promised to tell me by himself when I _.A. come B. would come C. come D. had come三、一般将来时三、一般将来时 1) shall 用于第一人称，常被 will 所代替。wi
14、ll 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求 意见时常用于第二人称。 Which paragraph shall I read first？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month. c. 有迹象要发生的事Look at the dark clouds; there is goi
15、ng to be a storm. 3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与 tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连 用。be going to / will 的用法之比较：用于条件句时，be going to 表将来，will 表意愿。例如： If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.be to 和 be going to 的用法之比较：be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而 be going to 则表示主观的打算 或计划。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排)Im going to p
