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1、History and Culture of China,An Introductory Course By Xiaoou Li School of English Studies, XISU,A Brief Chinese History,Chinese Dynasties -Period Prehistoric Times-1.7 million years - the 21st century BC Xia Dynasty-21st - 16th century BC Shang Dynasty-16th - 11th century BC Zhou Dynasty-Western Zh
2、ou (11th century BC - 771 BC) - Eastern Zhou-Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC)-Warring States Period (476 BC - 221 BC) Qin Dynasty-221 BC - 206 BC Han Dynasty-Western Han (206 BC - 24 AD)- Eastern Han (25 - 220) Three Kingdoms Period-(220 280) Jin Dynasty-Western Jin (265 - 316)- Eastern Ji
3、n (317 - 420) Northern and Southern Dynasties-Northern Dynasties (386 - 581)- Southern Dynasties (420 - 589),A Brief Chinese History,Chinese Dynasties -Period Tang Dynasty-618 907 Five Dynasties and Ten States-Five Dynasties - Later Liang (907 - 923) - Later Tang (923 - 936) - Later Jin (936 - 946)
4、- Later Han (947 - 951) - Later Zhou (951 - 960)- Ten States (902 - 979) Song Dynasty- Northern Song (960 - 1127)- Southern Song (1127 - 1279) Liao Dynasty-916 - 1125 Jin Dynasty-1115 - 1234 Yuan Dynasty-1271 - 1368 Ming Dynasty-1368 - 1644 Qing Dynasty-1644 - 1911,A Brief Chinese History,From Yuanm
5、ou Man to Beijing Man Yangshao Culture and Longshan Culture The Xia Dynasty The Shang Dynasty The Zhou Dynasty The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (The Eastern Zhou Dynasty) The Qin and Han Dynasties The Three Kingdoms, The Jin, The Southern and Northern Dynasties The Sui and Tang Dynas
6、ties The Five Dynasties, the Song and the Yuan The Ming Dynasty The Qing Dynasty,A Brief Chinese History,From Yuanmou Man to Beijing Man Yuanmou Man (1.7 million years ago; 1965; earliest; stand to walk) Lantian Man (650,000-800,000years ago; 1963-1964) Peking Man (500,000 years ago;1929, Zhoukoudia
7、n ; tools; fire; homo sapiens;) Homo Sapiens-walk, tools, fire ape-man,A Brief Chinese History,Yangshao Culture 6,000-7,000 years ago Matriarchal commune Pottery (red) 1921, Henan Longshan Culture 6,000-7,000 years ago Patriarchal commune Pottery (black) 1928, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi Yellow Emperor
8、 (Huangdi) End of primitive age Social classes 52 wars,A Brief Chinese History,The Xia Dynasty 21st16th BC The first slavery society Yu the Great (water conservation) Yao (the Xia calendar4 seasons for farming) Jie (the last emperor of Xia.) Qi Jie, 13 generations, 472 years,A Brief Chinese History,
9、The Shang Dynasty The first dynasty with writing documents Anyang Oracle Broze (weapons, ritual vessels),A Brief Chinese History,The Zhou Dynasty Cave-dwelling built houses& city walls Chinese political concepts(eg. “Mandate of the Heaven”) The Classic of Songs (Erya) The Bronze Age (Western Zhou- t
10、he heyday),A Brief Chinese History,The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (The Eastern Zhou Dynasty) Western Zhou: 1700 semi-independent states The Spring and Autumn (770-476 B.C.) Warring States Periods (476-221B.C.) 7 larger kingdoms arose in the 4th century B.C. Agricultural revolution
11、(new tools) The growth of trade Confucius, Mencius, Mo Zi, Lao Zi, Zhuang Zi, Shang Yang and Han Fei Zi Qu Yuan (Li Sao),A Brief Chinese History,The Qin and Han Dynasties Qin -map Qin Shihuang, the first Emperor of the Qin Dynasty centralized control Han (206 BC-220AD, Heyday of Rome)-map Liu Bang S
12、ima Qians Records of the Historian Zhang Heng- the seismograph Standardization of written language (5 different styles) Emperor Wu Di (the 5th emperor) University to teach Confucianism Chinese civil service (imperial examination) “Men of the Han”, “the Han character”,A Brief Chinese History,The Thre
13、e Kingdoms, The Jin, The Southern and Northern Dynasties - Map The Three Kingdoms period: Wei, Shu, and Wu Jin Dynasty (265-420 AD) The Southern and Northern Dynasties (420-589) Buddhism- Buddhist grottoes (Dunhuang, Yungang,Longmen)-Jiu Mo Luo Shi (Kumarajiva)-Fa Xian (East Jin): A Record of the Bu
14、ddihist Countries Wang Xizhi (Sage Calligrapher)History of the Three Kingdoms (Chen Shou) An Extension of the History of Han Dynasty (Sima Biao) Records of the Later Han Dynasty (Yuan Hong),A Brief Chinese History,The Sui and Tang Dynasties Sui a short-lived dynasty -map Two emperors; Luo Yang-capit
15、al city Yang guang, the 2nd emperor of Sui 3 Wars against Korea The Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal The zhao Zhou Bridge (Li Chun) Tang a golden age of Chinese power andprosperity -map Xian, the capital, 7 times of Byzantine, eastern Roman Empire Li Shimin Communication system (300 countries and region
16、s) Literature,A Brief Chinese History,The Five Dynasties, the Song and the Yuan The Five Dynasties & Liao, Song, Weatern Xia, and Jin -map Zhao Kuanyin - the Song Zhu Xi - Neo- Confucianism Blue and white porcelain Yuan Mongols -map Marco Polo 13th century Genghis Khan Kublai Khan Developments: Huang Daopo Bi Sheng the introduction of the movable type Shen Kuo Notes Written in Dream Brook Garden The ballads of the song The plays of the Yuan,
