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1、高中英语三大从句用法原理及写作应用高中英语三大从句用法原理及写作应用第一部分第一部分 用法原理用法原理 导入-以下划线划线部分从句的类别A. 宾语从句B. 状语从句C. 定语从句Father was preparing his report while I was doing homework. （ ）Bruce Lee, who was a famous Kungfu star, will be remembered by fans.（ ）Im afraid we cant get there on time.（ ）The plan that we should build up anoth
2、er bridge will be discussed in the meeting.（ ）I dont know whether the movie star will come or not.（ ）I couldnt go any faster though the car behind was gaining on us. （ ） 宾语从句宾语从句 （一）宾语从句考点（一）宾语从句考点 1连接词；连接词；2时态；时态；3语序；语序；4. 写作应用（第二部分涉及）写作应用（第二部分涉及）（二）宾语从句讲解（二）宾语从句讲解-连接词连接词 1. that 引导陈述意义的宾语从句，无实际意思，
3、在从句中也不充当任何成分；that 常被省略； Jane reminded (that) having a car trip with Tina was not a good idea.2. whether 与 if 引导（一般疑问句/特殊疑问句）从句，表选择意义，意思为“是否“；一般情况下， whether 和 if 可以替换； I wondered if/whether the weather would be fine again in the next few days. 【注意】先选择答案，再划出关键词，最后总结特殊用法 Everything depends on (whether/
4、if) we have enough money. _ I dont know (whether/if) the movie star will come or not. _ We havent been decided (whether/if) to go there or not . _3. what, who, whom, which 这是一组连接代词，引导（一般疑问句/特殊疑问句）从句。 whom 引导宾语从句时一般可由_替换，但如果从句的介词提前，则只能用（whom/ who）； 【考例】I wonder with _ she is angry. A. thatB. which C.
5、 who D. whom 此外，when, where, why, how 这是一组连接副词，引导疑问意义的宾语从句。 I dont know why he was absent for school, for he didnt ask for a leave beforehand.4. 某些形容词如 afraid, sure, glad, happy 等后也可以带宾语从句（也有人认为是状语从句）。 【口头翻译】Im afraid (that) we cant get there on time. Hes not sure whether he can find her. （三）宾语从句讲解（
6、三）宾语从句讲解-时态时态 使用原则：使用原则：宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态保持一致，即“主现从不限，主过从过主现从不限，主过从过”。 1. 如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时和现在完成时），宾语从句可以是实际 需要的任何时态，即“主限从不限主限从不限”； 【考例】用给出的动词的适当形式填空 Please tell me when we _ (have) the meeting. I still havent know who they _ about just now. A. are talkingB. talkedC. will talkD. have talked2如果
7、主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），宾语从句必须选用过去的某一时 态，即“主过从过主过从过”； 他说他会帮助她。 【误】He said he will kill her.【正】He said he would kill her. 她告诉我们露茜已经回家去了。 【误】She told us Lucy returned home already.【正】She told us Lucy had returned home. 【考例】按要求完成题目 玛丽想知道谁能回答这一问题。（完成句子；一空一词） Mary was wondering who _ _ the question. I di
8、dnt tell them where they _ the meeting. 我没有告诉他们你们正在哪儿开会。 A. will haveB. were going to haveC. had haveD. have Copernicus (哥白尼) claimed that the earth _ around the sun. A. goC. wentC. goes D. was going around 【注意】如果宾语从句表示的是科学其理、客观事实或格言警句等，则不管主句是何种时态， 从句一律用_。 e.g She said (that) a friend in need is a f
9、riend indeed. （四）宾语从句讲解（四）宾语从句讲解-语序语序 使用原则：使用原则：宾语从句的语序一律使用陈述语序陈述语序；即“连主谓连主谓” 1. 当宾语从句原为陈述句时，用 that 引导，语序不变。（注意时态的一致） e.g 老师说 Tom 不是个好学生。 Tom isnt a good student. (The teacher told us) The teacher told us (that) Tom wasnt a good student.连连 主主 谓谓连词可省略；从句谓语要与主语谓语时态匹配连词可省略；从句谓语要与主语谓语时态匹配e.g 她怀疑他是否已经戒烟了
10、。 He has given up smoking. (She doubted) She doubted if he had given up smoking.连主连主 谓谓 if 可用可用 whether 替换；从句谓语要与主语谓语时态匹配替换；从句谓语要与主语谓语时态匹配e.g 我想知道他今天究竟怎么了。 I wondered whats wrong with him. I wondered whats the matter with him. whats wrong./ whats the matter.句型，what 在从句中既是连接词也充当主语，因此语序不变。【考例】判定正误，对的句
11、子请在横线处打“”；有错的请划出出错部分并直接改正 I wondered whether Jim is a doctor._She asked me where were you going._Jean wondered what did he want to do._Could you please tell when and where the meeting will be held?_【注意】委婉表达_等句型，不表过去时态，仍然参考“主现从不限”原则。（五）宾语从句其他考点（五）宾语从句其他考点-否定前置否定前置 使用原则使用原则：1. 当主句的主语为第一人称；2. 主句谓语为 thi
12、nk, believe, feel 等观点类动词；3. 宾 语从句的否定词前移至主句，即“否定前移否定前移“； e.g 我认为他不是小偷。 He isnt a thief. (I think) I think he isnt (is not) a thief. I dont (do not) think he is (not) a thief. e.g 我相信杰克学习不努力。 Jack didnt study hard. (I believed) I believed Jack hadnt studied hard. I didnt believe Jack had studied hard.
13、 注意从句时态 注意主从句各自谓语的正确形式【即学即练即学即练】宾语从句练习题宾语从句练习题（一）将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1. These flowers are from Guangdong. (He said)He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. (My teacher told me)My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3. There will be a meeting in five days.
14、 (Jack didnt know)Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.（二）选择填空1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
15、C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car4. She told me the sun _ in the east.A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen5. -Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? -Sorry, Ive no idea.A. /, bought B.
