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1、Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars,Language points,system n. 系统；体系；制度They have a warning system in the house.The legal system are quite different in these countries.solar system 太阳系systematic adj. 有系统的；系统化的,2. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Ban
2、g” that threw matter in all directions.begin with=start with：“以开始”. to begin with=to start with 以为起点; 开始(做) 这两个词组都可以单独使用,表示“首先; 第一; 起初; 最初”。 在句中作时间状语。 e.g. To begin/start with, I couldnt like him at all.,3. They were in time to produce carbon, which were to make important is in time: 及时;最终in time (f
3、or sth. /to do sth.): 及时；不迟 我迟早会遇见他. Ill see him_. 她会及时回来准备晚餐.She will be back _ to prepare dinner.你认为我们能及时赶上火车吗?,Do you think we can get there _the train?,in time for,in time,in time,与time相关的短语:in no time 立刻, 马上at times 有时at a time 每次;依次once upon a time 从前 on time 按时;准时at one time 从前for the time be
4、ing 暂时from time to time 不时地,4. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. 考点 以上两句均为what引导的主语从句。,1. _（使大家吃惊的是）is that he d
5、idnt come to the meeting.,What surprised everybody,2. _（他所做的）added to our difficulty.,What he did,5. as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. 随着地球的冷却, 地球的表面就开始出现了水。 1) cool down 变凉, 冷却,平息, 冷静 晒了一天的太阳之后, 他喜欢在海水中凉快 一下。 After a day in the sun, he liked to _ in the sea. 他的话平息了她的怒气
6、。 His words _ her anger.,cool down,cooled down,2) appear “出现, 似乎”是不及物动词当表示 “似乎, 好像”时是系动词, 该词无被动语态。Our teacher appeared on TV this morning.The man who came yesterday appeared / seemed / looked an honest man.,6. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life
7、. 水会对于生命的发展起关键作用, 这一点在当时并不太明显。用It做形式主语是因为that引导的从句较长, 如果按照正常语序来安排的话就显得头重脚轻了。如:It is no wonder that he has passed the exam.It is quite necessary for us to learn English well.,7. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. Chain reaction 连锁反应 Make it possible for life t
8、o develop.使生命的发展成为可能make it + adj./n. for sb. /sth. to do sth. 老师让他们容易地明白那个问题。 The teacher _.,made it easy for them to understand the question,8. They produced young generally by laying eggs.lay-laid-laid-laying 放, 把放在; 产卵He laid his books on the desk. 注意:lay (laid; laid; laying) 放置;产卵 lie (lay; lai
9、n; lying) 躺;位于 lie (lied; lied; lying) 说谎,The naughty boy _ to me that the hen that _ there just now had _ two eggs the day before. A. laid; laid; laid B. laid; lay; lain C. lied; laid; lain D. lied; lay; laid,D,9. they gave birth to young baby animals 1) 生（孩子） Shes just given birth to a healthy bab
10、y girl.她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。2) 产生The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel.这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。,10. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中, 这就是使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。 There was nothing to pre
11、vent her from doing so. We must prevent the water from being polluted.,归纳 prevent . from的意思是_。 拓展 近义短语有: stop . from 阻止干某事; keep . from 阻止干某事。注意: prevent和stop后的from都可以省略, 而keep . from 中的from则不能省略，如果省略了, 其意义将发生改变。,制止、阻止、使不做某事,11.millions of years to come will depend on whether depend on sb. 依靠,相信某人 d
12、epend on sth. 取决于某物我们都靠你来做决定了 Well all _to make a decision. 明天是否能开校运会取决与天气 Whether to hold the sports meeting or not will _.,depend on you,depend on the weather,12.in ones turn 轮到某人；接着When it is in my turn, I am too excited to speak.in turn 依次；轮流by turns 轮流13. Unlike John, Tom dislikes playing footb
13、all.14. He didnt work hard; thus he was fired.,I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。 1. This _ (理论) helps to explain how animals communicate with each other. 2. The final cost could be as much as one _ dollars. 3. 31 people have been injured in _ (暴力的) incidents throughout the day.,练习坊,theory,billio
14、n,violent,4. Across the _, sea level varies by hundreds of feet. 5. A(n) _ (原子) is so small that we can not see it. 6. Smoking is _ to health, but some people cannot get rid of it. 7. The best way to get that _ (二氧化碳) into the atmosphere is to warm the entire planet.,globe,atom,harmful,carbon dioxid
15、e,8. The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family-friendly _ (气氛). 9. _ is a kind of gas that is necessary for most animals and plants to live. 10. I was surprised by the _ (出席) of so many people at the meeting.,atmosphere,Oxygen,presence,II. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The ship rocked _ (violent) from side to side, causing many passengers to feel seasick. 2. There is a _ (fundament) difference in attitude between these two politicians. 3. It is generally accepted that smoking is _ (harm) to our health.,
