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1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网- 1 -辽宁省沈阳市辽宁省沈阳市 2015 阅读理解一轮训练（阅读理解一轮训练（2）及答案）及答案阅读理解阅读理解-AEverybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such b
2、ehavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, a
3、s well.The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than
4、males.Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnans study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (奖券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed i
5、n separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the s
6、econd was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room
7、(without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal fee
8、ls it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature o f human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in 高考资源网（） 您身边的高考
9、专家 版权所有高考资源网- 2 -monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.B. Wome
10、n will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated. C. In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.D. Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.答案解析：答案为 B。本题为推断题，考生需通读全文进行推断。本文讲述了当受到不公平待遇的时候，每个人都会生气，包括动物。但是雌性的动物比雄性的动物更加在意不公平
11、的待遇，研究中用猴子作为实验来证明这一点。文章中第二段 “Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.” 与第三段 “Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnans study.” 都有此表达，故答案为 B “当受到不公平待遇的时候，女性比男性更加不满”。 从最后一段 “Refusing a smaller
12、 reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.”中可知，independently (独
13、立)对应 A 选项中的only，whetheroran unanswered question（是否或者未知的问题）的表达方式与 A 选项的意思 “只有猴子与人类才具有公平意识” 不同，故 A 选项是错误的。从第三段 “Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could obs
14、erve what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.”可知，猴子乐意用石块交换黄瓜，但是当看到另外一只猴子因为石块得到的回报，态度就不一样了。因此 C 选项 “猴子从不会不高兴彼此分享食物” 与该句意思不符。从第四段首句 “In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers).” 中注意 “excellent (极好的)” 与 “ preferable(更好的)” 两词，与 D选项 “for grapes are more attractive（更具有吸引力的） ” 意思不一致。综上分析，A, C, D 都不符合文章意思。高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家 版权所有高考资源网- 3 -2. The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that _.A. monkeys are also angry with lazy fellowsB. feeling bitter at unfairn
