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1、牛津高中英语18 模块重点词汇讲解（二）,11. survive(P50, M2): Of the 2,200 people on the ship, only 705 survived.,survive,Usage 1: 不及物，幸存，残存，活下来 e.g.: (1) He survived in the desert for a week on biscuits and water.在沙漠中，他靠饼干和水维持了一周。,(2) Very few of these old coins survive.这些古币几乎都失传了。(3) - How can you cope with this hug
2、e amount of work?- Dont worry; Ill survive. 你如何能够处理这么多工作？ 别担心，我应付得来。,Usage 2: vt., 比活得长; 经历之后还存在 e.g.: (1) Few buildings survived the fire.火灾过后，建筑物所剩无几。(2) She survived her sons.她活得比她的儿子们长。,(3) The government is unlikelyto survive the next election.这届政府不可能逃过下届选举这一关。,扩展： survival,Usage 1: 【U】，幸存，残存；生
3、存 e.g.: (1) Hopes are fading for the survivalof the missing climbers.失踪的登山队员幸存的希望越来越渺茫了。(2) fighting for her political survival为政治生存而斗争,Usage 2: 【C】，残存物；遗迹，遗风 e.g.: The fashion is a survival fromthe 1970s.这种款式是上世纪70年代的遗风。,扩展： survival kit 救生箱 （包）（装有维持生命必需品供陷入无助境地的人自救的救生用具）,扩展： survival of the fittes
4、t 适者生存,扩展：survivor 幸存者，残存着，生还者 e.g.: (1) There was only one survivor from the plane crash.在这起飞机坠毁事件中，只有一个幸存者。 (2) Dont worry about him; hes a survivor.别为他担心，他能对付一切。,12. prove(P58,M2): He took all kindsof tests to prove that he was qualified for this important task.,prove,Usage1: vt.，证明，证实 e.g.: (1)
5、In order to prove her point, sheshe showed them the latest sales figure.为了证明自己的观点，她向他们出示了最新的销售数据。,(2) The fingerprints on the gun proved conclusively that she was themurderer.枪上的指纹最终证明了她就是谋杀者。,Usage 2: L.v, 被证明是, 被表明是，显示出是, 类似turn out e.g.: (1) On the long journey he proved a most amusing companion.
6、漫长的旅途证明他是一位非常有趣的同伴。,(2) These revelations could prove highlyembarrassing for the government.揭露出来的这些事情可能会令政府非常尴尬。,13. observe(P2, M3): As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she sensed that she was being watchedby a tall man in a dark coat.,observe,Usage 1: vt., to watch with carefulattention
7、 观察，监视，观测 e.g.: (1) to observe the stars观察星相(2) The police have beenobserving his movements.警察一直在观察他的一举一动。,Usage 2: vt., to see and notice e.g.: (1) Did you observe anything unusual in his behavior?你有没有注意到他有反常的行为？,(2) I observed that they were late.我注意到他们迟到了。(3) They police observed him enterenter /
8、 entering the bank with ashotgun.警察注意到他持枪进入了银行。,Usage 3: 及物动词，遵守，奉行（法律、习俗等） e.g.: (1) to observe the speed limit 遵守限速令(2) Do you observe Christmas?你们过圣诞吗？,Usage 4: vt., to make a remark; say e.g.: (1) “Thats odd,” he observed.“那很奇怪，”他评论道。(2) He observed that it was odd.他评论说那很奇怪。,14. contribute (P22,
9、 M3): Many factorscontributed to the development ofthis new type of English.,contribute,Usage 1: vi. (to) to help in causing asituation, event, or condition e.g.: (1) Various factors contributed to his downfall.很多因素导致了他的失败。,(2)This advertising campaign hassignificantly contributed to thesuccess of t
10、he new car.广告宣传极大地促成了这款新车的成功销售。,Usage 2: vt. /vi. ， 捐献；捐助；贡献出；出一分钱；出一份力 e.g.: I contributed ( a pound ) to Janes leaving present.我为简的送别礼物出了钱 / 一英镑。,Usage 3: vt. /vi. ,（给杂志、报纸等）撰稿，投稿 e.g.: She regularly contributes to the college magazine.她定期向校报投稿。,扩展：contributionmake a contribution to (doing) sth.,1
11、5. access( P29,M3): Today, thespread of “borrowed words” is due to easily accessed television and radio programsfrom across the world, and the Internet.,access,Usage1: vt., to reach, enter or use sth. e.g.: The loft can be accessed by a ladder.通过一架梯子可以上阁楼。,Usage 2: 【U】, 进入；入口 e.g.: The only means of
12、 access to thebuilding is along a muddy track.进入这栋楼的唯一通道是一条泥泞的小径。,Usage 3:【U】取得（接近）的方法(权利等) e.g.: (1) Students need access to books.学生们需要有获得书的途径 / 方法。(2) My ex-husband has access to the children at weekends.我的前夫在周末时可以来看小孩。,(3) It is the UNs duty to provide everybody with easy access to clean drinkin
13、g water. 让每个人得到干净的饮用水是联合国的责任。,扩展: accessible adj.,Usage 1: easy to reach, enter, or obtain容易达到的；易接近的；易取得的 e.g.: The island is accessible only by boat. 只能坐船去那座岛屿。,Usage 2: adj. easy and friendly to speak to 随和的；容易接近的 e.g.: A manager should be accessible to his / her staff.经理应对员工随和一些。,Usage 3: in a fo
14、rm that is easy to understand 容易理解的，好懂的 e.g.: The information ought to be made more accessible.应该让此信息变得更好理解。,16. remains( P43, M3): Sven foundthe remains of buildings buriedunder the sand, together with alot of treasures, such as coins, painted pots, silk materials, documents and wall paintings.,rem
15、ain,Usage 1: 复数形式，parts whichare left 剩下的东西（部分）；遗址，遗迹 e.g.: the remains of dinner / of an old castle剩饭菜 / 古城堡遗迹,Usage 2: 复数形式 fml., a dead body e.g.: His remains lie in the churchyard.他的尸体葬在教堂的墓园里。,扩展：remain,Usage1: 不及物动词，比较正式，停留，留下：to stay or to be left behind after others have gone, been lost, etc
16、.,e. g.: (1) She remained at home to lookafter the children when herhusband went out.丈夫出去的时候，她留在家里照看孩子们。,(2) Little of the original architectureremains.原建筑物几乎没有了。(3)The only remaining question iswhether or not we can raise themoney. 所剩的唯一问题是我们是否可以筹措到 这笔资金。,Usage 2: vi., remain + to-v. e.g.: (1) It sounds a good idea, but it remains to be seen whether it will succeed.听起来不错，但是否会成功还有待于进一步去看。,(2) Several things remain to be done.还有好几件事情有待去做。(3) It only remains for me to say that剩下我要说的就是,
