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1、Hamlet,Hamlet is the first work of literature to show an ordinary person looking at the futility and wrongs in life, asking the toughest questions and coming up with honest semi-answers like most people do today. futility fju:tiliti n. 无用；徒劳；无价值,Blank Verse,Blank verse: An unrhymed iambic pentameter
2、 line. Because blank verse approximates the natural rhythms of English speech, it is one of the best known and most widely used metrical patterns in English poetry. The natural speech rhythm of the English language is iambic, and the typical length of an utterance is usually about ten syllables, sin
3、ce that is approximately how long most people can speak comfortably without pausing to take a breath. iambic aimbikn. 抑扬格；短长格adj. 抑扬格的；短长格的 pentameter pentmit n. 五步格诗adj. 有五音步的 metrical metrik adj. 测量的；韵律的；有韵律的 utterance trns n. 表达；说话；说话方式 syllable silbl n. 音节vt. 划分音节vi. 按音节发音；讲话,Soliloquy,Soliloquy
4、: A dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character reveals his or her thoughts when alone or unaware of the presence of other characters. soliloquy slilkwi n. 独白；自言自语,Hamlets Character,The cast of Hamlets mind is so speculative, so questioning, and so contemplative. His life is one of c
5、onstant role-playing, examining the nature of action only to deny its possibility, for he is too sophisticated to degrade his nature to the conventional role a stage revenger.,Soliloquy in Hamlet,Soliloquy: or monologue, a dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character reveals his or he
6、r thoughts when alone or unaware of the presence of other characters. For such a figure as Hamlet, soliloquy is a natural medium, a necessary release of his anguish; and some of his questioning monologues possess surpassing power and insight, which have survived centuries of being torn from their co
7、ntext. The most famous soliloquy is perhaps “to be or not to be” in Act III, Scene I, Hamlet.,To be or not to be,To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings & arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing e
8、nd them?,生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世的无涯的苦难，通过斗争把它们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？,To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, tis a consummation Devoutly to be wishd.,死了；睡着了；什么都完了；要是在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都可
9、以从此消失，那正是我们求之不得的结局。,To die, to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, theres the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause.,死了；睡着了；睡着了也许还会做梦；嗯，阻碍就在这儿：因为当我们摆脱了这一具朽腐的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。,人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故；谁愿
10、意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律的迁延、官吏的横暴和费尽辛勤所换来的小人的鄙视，要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自己的一生？,Theres the respect That makes calamity of so long life; For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressors wrong, the proud mans contumely, The pangs of despised love, the laws delay, The insolence
11、of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin?,who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life, But that the dread of something after death, The undiscoverd country from whose bourn No traveller returns, puz
12、zles the will And makes us rather bear those ills we have Than fly to others that we know not of?,谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘不是因为惧怕不可知的死后，惧怕那从来不曾有一个旅人回来过的神秘之国，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的磨折，不敢向我们所不知道的痛苦飞去？,Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied oer wi
13、th the pale cast of thought, And enterprises of great pitch and moment With this regard their currents turn awry, And lose the name of action.,这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的赤热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑之下，也会逆流而退，失去了行动的意义。,Analysis,In addition to its crucial thematic content, this speech is important for wh
14、at it reveals about the quality of Hamlets mind. His deeply passionate nature is complemented by a relentlessly logical intellect, which works furiously to find a solution to his misery. He has turned to religion and found it inadequate to help him either kill himself or resolve to kill Claudius. He
15、re, he turns to a logical philosophical inquiry and finds it equally frustrating.,Analysis (continued),The To be or not to be soliloquy is often felt to be central to Hamlets personality. It provides an excellent example of Hamlet not doing anything. He says that it would be far better for us all to
16、 commit suicide, but that we dont because we are scared of what might happen to us in the afterlife. Furthermore, we very often put things off because of our understanding that we might be being sinful. We look too closely at our plans and find reasons for not carrying them out.,Thanks for your attentions college of science and technology Environmental engineer2011 Yang Simin杨思敏,
