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1、一一.知识梳理知识梳理 1 1.First I am talking to you about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. P22 L10 waste 名词(不可数)、形容词、动词 1)认为它是一张废纸,他们可能把它扔掉了. They probably threw it away, 2) 同她争论是浪费时间.3) 浪费时间来讨论这件事是如何发生是没有用的.how it happened. 4) 我多么后悔浪费了这么多时间玩电脑游戏.How I regretted way 后面接定语从句有三种形式：
2、 （1）way+in which+定语从句 She was pleased with the way in which he had treated his students.(2) way+that+定语从句 They didnt do it in the waythat we do now.(3)way+定语从句 He didnt speak the way I do.The way _ / _/ _ he explained to us was quite simple.The way _ / _/ _ he explained the sentence to us was not di
3、fficult to understand .2. It would be good to increase the amount of waste we recycle ,p22 l23 a large amount of= large amounts of 修饰不可数名词,在句中时，由 amount(s)来决 定动词的单复数。amount n. 总数，数量 (常与不可数名词连用。) 关于“许多”的用法见下表： +Cn.+Un.+Cn./Un.many, a great/good many, a large/great number of numbers ofmuch, a great de
4、al of, a large amount of, large amounts ofplenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of, large quantities of, a mass of, masses of Eg.A large amount of money is needed badly. 人们急需大量的金钱。 Large amounts of time are spent going over the lessons for the final exams. 为了期末考试，花大量的时间来温习功课。 复习几个“大量的”相关词组：
5、a great deal of +_; a large quantity of/large quantities of +_ 3. These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs. P22 l15 a large number of= large numbers of 修饰可数名词复数the number of +名词复数 表示的数量/数目，后面的谓语动词用单数1) A number of students (admit) to our school this term. 2) The n
6、umber of the students admitted to our school (increase) year by year. 躺，位于 lie-lay-lain-lying 说谎 lie-lied-lied-lying 放置，下蛋，产卵 lay-laid-laid-laying The little boy to his mother he saw the white hen two egg and he them on the table, but in fact, it usually one egg every day. 4. result in (L16)倍数表达法 ti
7、mes +as+adj./adv.+as+ times +比较级+than times +the +名词（size /width/length/depth/weight/）+of+ 这条河流是那条河流的四倍长。This river is that one.This river is than that one.This river is four times the that one.Note: 1. 倍数的基本表达都是以倍数打头，但要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法： 2. 两倍要用 twice 或 double，不用 two times. 三倍常用 three times,也可用 thrice。
8、 3. 除整数倍以外，还有分数倍，百分数倍，几倍多或不到几倍等。如：六倍 多（more than/over six times）, 一半（half）,三分之一 (one third),百分之 六十（60%）等。 4. 在 the +n.+of 结构中 ： 1. 要注意选择恰当的名词，常用的名词有 size/height/length/weight 等。2. the +n.+of 可转换成 ones +n.或名词性从句。如：the height of Mary=Marys height. grow /increase /rise/climb to 增加到 grow /increase /rise
9、/climb by 增加了 1) 工人们正全力以赴，力争使产量增长到五年前的三倍。 The workers are going all out to make the output . 2) 这座城市居民的收入在过去的两年里增加了百分之六十，这让人感到惊讶。It is amazing that the income of the people in the city 60 percent in the last two years. 6. Its our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things
10、we make and buy.p22 l21 cut back on/upon 削减，缩减 ,减少，降低 1）政府坚决不减少搜索本拉登的花费，最终他们成功地把他干掉了。The government the search for Bin Laden and at last they succeeded in killing him.2）许多公司正在削减人员。staff at the moment.3）因为新产品销售不好，董事会成员决定削减产量。 As the new products arent selling well, the members of board have decided 7
11、. It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.p23 l28 concern vt 与有关，关系到，关于 n.关心、焦虑、忧虑 concerned adj. 担心的、关心的、挂念的 be concerned about/for 担心，担忧. be concerned with 关心,关注,对.感兴趣 ; 与。 。 。有关 as far as sb/sth is concerned 就来说，就而论 concerning prep. 关于 1) 当船正在下沉的消息传来
12、时，每个人都充满了忧虑。when news came that the ship was sinking. 2)我们都在为她的安全担忧。3)这件事与我们大家都有关。(concern/ be concerned with)4)关于他的未来，他与他最亲密的朋友谈了很多. 5)就我个人而言，这种坏天气出去散步不是什么好主意。, walking in such bad weather is not a good idea. 8be seen as .(P 23, L29) 被看成被看成. ;被认为是被认为是. be seen as + n/doing 1) 贫困和富裕被看成是一块硬币的两面.the t
13、wo faces of the same coin. 2) 他被看成愚笨、坏脾气，不乐意容人。and unwilling to tolerate others. 类似“be seen as”的词组还有：be considered as ; be looked on as ; be thought of as;be referred to as; be treated as 9 Asking around, I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally fr
14、iendly.(L48)Asking around=When I ask around 1）一听到这个消息，他就忍不住哭了起来。 2）患有心脏病多年，王教授不论走到哪儿都必须随身带着药。3）被带领参观完实验室之后， 校长又带领我们参观了图书馆。10.What if they run out ? 它们要是耗完了会怎么样？它们要是耗完了会怎么样？p25 EWhat if. =what would happen if . “要是。要是。 。 。 。会怎么样？。会怎么样？”火车要是晚点会怎么样呢?Sth run out (某物某物)耗完、用尽耗完、用尽 Sb run out of sth 某人用完、耗尽某物某人用完、耗尽某物 汽油已经用光了。 The petrol 11. With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing, from the Green Society, p22 l5 表语位于句首时，需完 全倒装。 Seated on the ground are a group of young people. Hanging on the wall was a painting by Qi Baishi. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
