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1、单元要点预览单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点） 词语 辨析1. means / way / method 2. percent / percentage 3. obvious / apparent/ evident / clear 4. hire / employ / rent1. elect vt.选举，推举；选 择 vi. 进行选举，作出选 择election n.选举，推举， 当选elective adj.可任意选 择的 n.选修科目2. immigrate vi. 移入immigration n. 移民入 境immigrant n.移民，侨 民3. race n.赛跑；竞争；
2、人 种v. 参赛racial adj. 人种的，种 族的racism n. 种族歧视， 种族偏见；种族主义4. apparent adj. 显然的， 明白的，表面上的apparently adv. 显然， 表面上地词形 变化5. punishment n. 罚，刑罚punish vt. 惩罚，处罚重点 单词 1. majority n. 大多数；大半 2. applicant n. 申请人 3. occur vi. 发生；出现；存在 4. indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明 5. slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n. 滑倒；小过失；失误 6. insert vt.插入，嵌入词 汇
3、部 分重点 词组1. live on 继续生活或存在 2. make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等3. keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭古老的风俗 传统等；使某人不能去睡觉4. team up with（与某人）一起工作（尤指为一共同目标） ；合作 5. mark out 划线标出界线 6. take in 包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗 7. a great/good many 相当多，很多重点句子1. California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. 2. Exactly w
4、hen the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.重点语法名词性从句（见语法部分）语言要点（模块）语言要点（模块）.词语辨析词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. means / way / method【解释】 means “方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段。 （单复数相同） way “一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。 method “有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。 短语搭配：做的方法：a way to
5、 do sth.a way of doing sth. / a method of doing sth.； 用这种些方法：in this way / with the method / by this means；用方法，借 助：by means of. 无论如何：by all means；一点也不，决不(用于句首句子需倒装) ：by no means；by the way 顺便问一下；on one s way to在去的路上；in the way 挡住路【练习】用 means，way，method 填空。 1). These vegetables can be cooked in diffe
6、rent _. 2). Only in this _ can you find out the truth. 3). By this _ I get in touch with him. 4). We express our thoughts by _ of words. 5). _ _ _ shall I lend him money! 6). The methods of _ (teach) need _ (improve). Keys: 1). ways 2). way 3). means 4). means 5). By no means 6). teaching; improving
7、 / to be improved 2. percent / percentage【解释】 percent 表示“百分之”，相当于“”，其前面往往是一个具体的数字。 percentage 表示“百分比；百分率”，前面不能是具体数字，只能被 high，low 等修饰。 【练习】用 percent，percentage 填空。 1). I am a hundred _ in agreement with you. 2). This company only supply 30 _ of what we need. 3). The numbers are small, in _ terms, but
8、 significant. 4). There used to be a high _ of babies that diet scarlet fever every year. Keys: 1). percent 2). percent 3). percentage 4). percentage what percentage 3. obvious / apparent/ evident / clear【解释】 obvious 意为“某东西具有显著特点，不需费力就可觉察到，常用于一目了然的事物”。 apparent 意为“表面看起来很明显，而实际情况未必如此”。 evident 意为“有证据
9、作出合理判断，考虑到各种事实、条件后而显得明显”。 clear 意为“不存在使人迷惑或使问题复杂化的因素”。 【练习】用 obvious，apparent，evident，clear 填空。 1). It was an _ mistake for him to have gone alone. 2). The situation is _ to everyone. 3). It was becoming increasingly _ that he disliked me. 4). The applause made it _ that the play was a hit. Keys: 1)
10、. obvious 2). clear 3). apparent 4). evident 4. hire / employ / rent 【解释】 hire 是日常用语，指按工作量或时间雇用人或租借东西，有“花钱使用某物”和“把某物使 用权出让给别人以收取费用”之意；多指临时租用某物。如：hire a boat，a car，a camera，a bicycle，an evening dress，a hall for a meeting 等，指人时，有“雇用”、 “受 雇”两种含义。 employ 较正式，多指商店或公司长期雇用人手；受雇人员较广，甚至包括社会地位较高 的职业人员，有“聘请”之义
11、；也可以解释为“忙于，从事”常用于 be employed in sth. / doing sth. 短语中。 注：要弄清 employ 几个名词的用法：employee (雇工，雇员)， employer (户主，东家)，employment (就业，雇用)。rent 一般指租借房屋、地产(租借出去)；也有“花钱使用某物”和“把某物使用权出让给别 人以收取费用”之意；多指用于长时间的场合。如：rent a house，a flat，a TV 等。 rent 还可作名词，意为“租金；租费”。 【练习】用 hire，employ，rent 填空。 1). Our house has been _
12、 by a newly-married couple. 2). It s important to _ proper words in writing poem. 3). They _ _ in writing when I came. 4). They _ out boats by the hour. 5). We _ a driver to take us on a tour of the city. Keys: 1). rented 2). employ 3). were employed 4). hire 5). hired.词性变化词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料） 1. elec
13、t vt.选举，推举；选 择 vi. 进行选举，作出选 择election n.选举，推举，当选elective adj.可任意选择的 n. 选修科目2. immigrate vi. 移入immigration n. 移民入境immigrant n.移民，侨民3. race n.赛跑；竞争；人 种v. 参赛racial adj. 人种的，种族的racism n. 种族歧视，种族偏 见；种族主义4. apparent adj. 显然的， 明白的，表面上的apparently adv. 显然，表面上 地5. punishment n. 罚，刑罚punish vt. 惩罚，处罚【练习】用括号内所提供
14、词的适当形式填空。 1). In America, presidential _ (elect) are held every four years. 2). They deserve to _ (punish) for putting passengers at risk. 3). She had to tidy the classroom as _ (punish) for being late. 4). She was the daughter of Chinese _ (immigrate) to America. 5). There was a sudden increase _ (
15、immigrate) in from Eastern Europe. 6). He is a victim of _ (race) discrimination. 7). She turned to face him, her anger _ (apparent) gone. 8). Their motives, as will soon become _ (apparently), are completely selfish. Keys: 1). elections 2). be punished 3). punishment 4). immigrants 5). immigration 6). racial 7). apparently 8). apparent .重点词汇重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料） 1.majority n. 大多数；大半 major adj. the roads are wet and _ (slip). Keys: 1).
