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1、四川省四川省 2015 高考英语人教版一轮讲义：必修高考英语人教版一轮讲义：必修 5 Unit 2（1）Unit 2 The United Kingdom 【高考引子】【江苏省盐城市2014模拟】Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物质), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organizat
2、ions (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcino
3、genicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke. “Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than foc
4、us on specific air pollutants,” the lARCs Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 22
5、3,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC. Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.Air pollution is global, although the levels
6、of it vary over space and time.Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.M
7、any cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing na
8、tions. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometersthat are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environmen
9、t Agency on Oct 15.Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the 1ARC said its conclusions apply to all regions of the world. “Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to
10、the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.59、What might be the best title of the passage?ASignals of air pollutionBSafety limits of air pollution CAir pollution, cancer risk DAir pollution, smog risk 60、Whats the main task of IARC?
11、 ATo focus on cancer-causing substances. BTo evaluate the air quality. CTo study the developing risk of cancer. DTo send signals to the international community. 61、Why should the international community take action without further delay? AThe composition and levels of air pollution vary from place t
12、o place. BMore and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution. CDeveloped countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits. DA large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.【参考答案】5960、CB 61、D 1clarify(vt.) 澄清；阐明2accomplish(vt.) 完
13、成；达到；实现3conflict(n.) 矛盾；冲突4plus(prep.) 加上；和(adj.) 加的；正的；零上的5quarrel(n.) 争吵；争论；吵架(vi.) 争吵；吵架6fold(vt.) 折叠；对折7thrill(vt.) 使激动；使胆战心惊8unite(vi.& vt.)联合；团结united(adj.)团结的；联合的union (n.)联合；联盟；结合；协会9convenience(n.)便利；方便convenient (adj.)方便的10attract(vt.)吸引；引起注意attraction (n.)吸引；吸引力attractive (adj.)有吸引力的11des
14、cription(n.)描写；描述describe (vt.)描述；形容；描绘12furnished(adj.)配备好装备的；带家具的furnish (vt.)装备；(用家具等)布置(房间、公寓)；提供13possibility(n.)可能(性)possible (adj.)可能的；合理的14arrange(vt.)筹备；安排；整理arrangement(n.)布置；整理15delight(n.)快乐；高兴；喜悦；(vt.)使高兴；使欣喜delighted (adj.)高兴的；快乐的delightful (adj.)令人高兴的1consist_of 由组成2break_away_(from)
15、挣脱(束缚)；脱离3leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑4take_the_place_of 代替5divide.into 把分成6to_ones_credit 为带来荣誉； 值得赞扬；在名下7break_down (机器)损坏；破坏8in_memory_of 为了纪念9leave_for 动身去某地10be_on_show 展览1Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是包括在内的。名师指津：find Wales included 为“find宾语宾补”的复合
16、结构。例句仿写：使我非常吃惊的是，我打开抽屉时发现我的信被撕成碎片了。Much to my surprise，I found_my_letters_torn_into_pieces after I opened the drawer.2Worried about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。名师指津：worried about.为过去分词短语作状语。例句仿写：在森林中迷了路，我们不得不待在原地等待帮助。Lost_in_the_forest，we had to remain where we were，waiting for
