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1、2015 高考英语北师大版一轮复习语法（高考英语北师大版一轮复习语法（1）：专题一）：专题一 动词的时态和语态（讲解及答案）动词的时态和语态（讲解及答案）专题一专题一 动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态 【语法拓展题语法拓展题】【2014 高考英语广东省华侨中学四模高考英语广东省华侨中学四模】完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1-15 各题所给的 ABC 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Life is filled with challenges. As we get older we come to reali
2、ze that those challenges are the very things that _1_ us and make us who we are. It is the same with the challenges that come with _2_.When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two _3_. We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing _4_ the challenge isnt worth the _5_ and call
3、 it quits. Although there are _6_ times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most _7_ all that is needed is _8_ and communication.When we are committed to something, it means that no matter how _9_ or how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to _10_ it and work it through
4、instead of running away from it. Communication is making a _11_ for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong. If you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt.” rather than “You hurt my feelings,” you are going to be able to solve the pro
5、blem much _12_.In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for what they are: small hurdles you need to jump or get through on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is _13_ to get over, and hurt only _14_ to make us stronger. Its all part of growing
6、up, it _15_ to everyone, and some day you will look back to all of this and say, “Hard as it was, it makes me who I am today. And that is a good thing.”1Adesign Bpromote Cdirect Dshape2Aconfidence Bfriendship Cpressure Ddifficulty3Aopportunities Bexpectations Cchoices Daspects4Ademanding Bdeserving
7、Cpredicting Dpresenting5Acomment Bloss Ctrouble Dexpense6Aseriously Bcertainly Cscarcely Dclosely7Acases Bfields Cparts Dareas8Aassessment BcommitmentCencouragement Dadjustment9Adoubtful Bshameful Charmful Dpainful10Akeep Bcontrol Cface Dcatch11Aspace Bplan Ctopic Drate12AfasterBworseCfurtherDslower
8、13Aunnecessary Bimportant Cimpossible Dillegal14Aserves Bmeans Caims Dattempts15Aopens Bappeals Cturns Dhappens【参考答案】完形填空：1-5. DBCDC 610. BABDC 1115. AACAD动词时态的考查要点1.一般现在时考点分析(1)表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制)。Time and tide wait for no man.(2)表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。They always ca
9、re for each other and help each other.(3)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see，hear，smell，taste，feel，notice，agree，believe，like，hate，want，think，belong to，seem 等。Smith owns a car and a house.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.(4)在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由 if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用 shall 或 will
10、表“意愿” ，但不表示时态。If you will accept my invitation and come to our party，my family will be pleased.(5)少数用于表示起止的动词如come，go，leave，arrive，fly，return，start，begin，open，close，end，stop 等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当 be 表示根据时间或事先安排肯定会出现的状态时，只用一般现在时。The shop closes at 1100 p.m. every day.Tomorrow is Wednesd
11、ay.2.一般过去时考点分析(1)一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示)；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。We met her in the street yesterday.When he was young，he took cold baths regularly.(2)如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词仍用过去时。He told me he read an interesting novel last night. (3)表示两个紧接着发生
12、的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but，and，when，as soon as，immediately，the moment，the minute 等。The moment she came in，she told me what had happened to her.He bought a watch but lost it.(4)常用一般过去时的句型。Why didnt you think of that？I didnt notice it.I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.I didnt
13、 recognize him.3.一般将来时考点分析(1)表示未来的动作或状态，常用 will/shall动词，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow，next week 等。(2)表示一种趋向或习惯动作。Well die without air or water.(3)表示趋向行为的动词如 come，go，start，begin，leave 等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。(4)be going to，will/shall，be to do，be about to do 的用法及区别：be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种
14、准备；shall/will do 表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而 will 则能，表意愿。If it is fine，well go fishing.If it is fine，we are going to go fishing.be to do 表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。A meeting is to be held at 300 oclock this afternoon.be about to do 表示“即将，正要” ，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。Autumn har
15、vest is about to start.4.现在进行时考点分析(1)表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时正在进行的动作；表近期特定的安排或计划；go，come 等表示移动的动词可用进行时代替将来时；与always，often 等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩。She is teaching English and learning Chinese.He is working on a paper.I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.We are leaving on Friday.The girl is always talking loud in public.(2)下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。表示心理状态、情感的动词：like，love，hate，care，remember，believe，want，mind，wish，agree，mean，need 等。表存在状态的动词：appear，exist，lie，remain，seem，belong to 等。表示行为结果的动词：allow，accept，permit，promise，admit，
