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1、2015 上海市高考英语三月阅读理解、完形填空课外选练（上海市高考英语三月阅读理解、完形填空课外选练（9）答案）答案阅读理解。A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when the
2、y were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephantsthe Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA f
3、rom modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct spe
4、cies for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the
5、most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. The savanna elephant has a
6、n average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are differ
7、ent species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African el
8、ephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象 DNA 的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。1One of the fossi
9、ls studied by the researchers is that of _Athe Asian elephant Bthe forest elephant Cthe savanna elephant Dthe mastodon elephant 答案：D。细节理解题。由第 3 段第一句话“.two fossils，mammoths and mastodons.”可知 D 项正确。2The underlined word “divergence”in Paragraph 4 means “_ ”Aevolution Bexhibition Cseparation Dexaminatio
10、n 答案：C。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。3The researchers conclusion was based on a study of the African elephants _.ADNA Bheight Cweight Dpopulation答案：A。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA”可知。4What are Alfred Rocas words mainly about?AThe conservat
11、ion of African elephants.BThe purpose of studying African elephants.CThe way to divide African elephants into two units.DThe reason for the distinction of African elephants.答案：A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“.for conservation purposes”可知 A 项正确。5Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?ANaturalis
12、ts Beliefs about ElephantsBAmazing Experiments about ElephantsCAn Unexpected Finding about ElephantsDA Long Scientific Debate about Elephants答案：C。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。阅读理解。Once, the Paiter-Surui tribe(部落)lived a happy life in the heart of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. But after the tribes fi
13、rst meeting with Westerners several decades ago, they were nearly wiped out; diseases brought by outsiders reduced the Suruis numbers from 5, 000 to about 250. Today, some 1, 300 tribe people live in 23 villages across 600, 000 acres. Though they are as likely to wear T-shirts and jeans as feathered
14、 headdresses, the Surui are determined to preserve and protect the tribal culture of their homeland. Now they are under threat again, from illegal logging and deforestation(滥伐), but this time its different. The Surui have put aside their bows and arrows and taken up a new weapon: the Internet. The t
15、ribe people learned to use the Web from their leader, Chief Almir Narayamoga. “We decided to use computers and technology to bring attention to our situation, ”says Narayamoga, 36. The first in his tribe to attend college, Chief Narayamoga learned how to use computers at the Federal University of Go
16、is in Goinia, a city of 1. 2 million. In 2007, he fled the Surui homeland after his fight against loggers who placed a $100, 000 reward on his head. He traveled to the United States and paid a visit to Google headquarters in California. He came armed with a big idea. Narayamogas visit to Google was considered a great success. And Google sent teams to the Amazon to train the Surui in using computers, cameras, and smart phones to photo
