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1、1Exercise 1:I. Fill in the blanks.1. The most enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was _American Puritanism_.2. Among the members of the small band of Jamestown settlers was _John Smith_, an English soldiers of fortune, whose reports of exploration, published in the
2、 early 1600s, have been described as the first distinct American literature written in English.3. Almost a hundred years earlier the Caribbean Islands, Mexico, and other parts of Central and South American were occupied by the _Spanish_.4. The term “Puritan” was applied to those settlers who origina
3、lly were devout members of the Church of _England_.5. _Harvard_ College was established in 1636, with a printing press set up nearly in 1639.6. Among all the settlers in the New Continent, _English_ settlers were the most influential.7. The first permanent English settlement in North America was est
4、ablished at _Jamestown_, Virginia.8. _John Smith_ was a famous explorer and colonist. He established Jamestown. 9. In the book _A Description of New England John Smith wrote that “here nature and liberty afford us that freely which in England we want, or it costs up dearly.”10.General History of Vir
5、ginia contains Smiths most famous tale of how the Indian princess named _Pochahontas saved him from the wrath of her father.11.Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety, these were the _Puritan_ values that dominated much of the early American writing.212.The American poets who emerged in the 17th centu
6、ry adapted the style of established European poets to the subject matter confronted in a strange, new environment. _Anne_ Bradstreet was one such poet.13.William Bradford himself used a word “_Pilgrims_” to describe the community of believers who sailed from Southampton, England, on the Mayflower an
7、d settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.14. In 1620, _William Bradford_ was elected Governor of Plymouth, Massachusetts.15.From 1621 until his death, _William Bradford_ probably possessed more power than any other colonial governor.16. William Bradfords work _Mayflower_ consists of two books. T
8、he first book deals with the persecutions of the Separatists in Scrooby, England, and the second book describes the signing of the “Compact”.17.The History of New England is a priceless gift left us by _John Winthrop_.18._Cotton Mather wrote his most impressive work The Magnalia Christi America.19.
9、The Puritan philosophy known as _Puritanism_ was important in New England during colonial time, and had a profound influence on the early American mind for several generations.20. Many Puritans wrote verse, but the work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and _Edward Taylor_ , rose to the level of real
10、poetry.21.Before his death, _ Edward Taylor had gained a position as Americas first systematic philosopher.22.The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America is a collection of poems composed by _Anne Bradstreet.23. _ Edward Taylor s best verse is to be found in a series called “ Preparatory Meditations”
11、.324. Literature in the period of American Revolution was predominantly _public_ and _utilitarian_.25. The more characteristic forms of writing in the period of American Revolution included _essays_, _pamphlets_, and _political documents_.26. _Philip Freneau_ was perhaps the best poet of the period
12、of American Revolution.27. Benjamin Franklins best writing is found in his masterpiece _Autobiography_.29. Thomas Paine, with his natural gift for pamphleteering and rebellion, was appropriately born into an age of _revolution_.30. On January 10. 1776, Thomas Paines famous pamphlet _Common Sense app
13、eared.31. A series of sixteen pamphlets by Thomas Paine was entitled _The American Crisis_. 32. Thomas Paines second most important work _The Rights of Man_ was an impassioned plea against hereditary monarchy.33. _Philip Freneau_ has been called the “Father of the American Poetry”.34. In 1791, proba
14、bly with Thomas Jeffersons support, Freneau established in Philadelphia “_the National Gazette_”.35. The Calvinist beliefs brought about the Great Awakening during the 1730s and 1740s. _Jonathan Edward_was the most influential among the believers.II. Make multiple choices.1. English literature in th
15、e America is only about more than _ years old.A. 500B. 400C. 200D. 1002. The establisher of Jamestown was the famous explorer and colonist _.A. John WinthropB. John SmithC. William BradfordD. John Goodwin3. The puritan dominating values were _.A. hard workB. thriftC. pietyD. sobriety44. Choose those that were named after English monarch of land.A. GeorgiaB. New YorkC. CarolinaD. New Hampshire5. Which statement about Cotton Mather is not true?A. He was a great Puritan historian.B. He was an inexhaustible writer.C. He was a skillful preacher and an eminent theologia
