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1、初中英语连词 (Conjunction),By Shirley,连 词 (Conjunction),一、连词定义: 用来连接词、短语或句子的词。e.g. I study English and Chinese.Does he work at school or in the hospital?I get up early, but my brother gets up late.,二、连词分类：并列连词从属连词,连词：and, but, or, so, (for),连词词组: eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, bothand, (as well a
2、s),that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, sothat, though/ although, even if, asas 等,1.并列连词的分类：,1.从属连词连词：,三、用法1.并列连词 - 连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。 常见的有： (1)表并列关系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor，as well as（也，和）等。 (2)表选择关系的or, eitheror等。 (3)表转折关系的but, however等。 (4)表因果关系的for,
3、so等。,1. Mary likes music_Tom is found of sports.A. and B. but C. both A and B 2. I failed again, _ I wont give up.A. and B. but C. so 3. This is my first lesson, _ I dont know your names.A. and B. but C. so,and : 表对等 “和、并且” but: 表转折 “但是” so: 表因果 “所以”,and, or, but, so 基本用法,1. Which do you like better
4、, apples, _ pears?A. and B. but C. or 2. Now we have no time _ money. A. so B. and C. or,or: 1. 用于疑问句, 表选择 2. 用于否定句, 表并列（肯定句用and）,3.Christine, Aileen _ (和) I are good friends. Study hard, _ (否则)youll fall behind. 4. Are you coming by bus _(或者) on foot?,and,or,or,1. Try your best _ youll make more pr
5、ogress.A. and B. but C. or 2. Dont lose heart, _ youll lose all.A. and B. so C. or,and 和 or 都可以在祈使句中使用. and 通常是比较好的结果; or 则表示不愉快或不理想的结果.,and, or, but, so 基本用法,1. Its getting warmer _ warmer.A. and B. but C. or2. He or the twins _ the USA.A. comes from B. come from C. is from 4. Not Tom but I _ going
6、 to give the talk.A. am B. is C. are,adj.比 + and + adj.比 表示越来越,A or B 和 not A but B 结构作主语时，谓语动词要使用就近原则。,and, or, but, so 特殊用法,考点一：1）判断改错：They sat down and talk about something. They started to dance and sang. I saw two men sitting behind and ate there.,F,F,F,eating,sing,talked,and (“和，并且”) 与 or (“否则
7、”),“and” 连接平行结构。,（1）肯定句中用“and” 表“和”； （2）否定句中用“or”表“和” 。,2）翻译： 我喜欢英语和数学。 我不喜欢英语和数学。,I like English _ math.,I dont like English _ math.,and,or,= Study hard, _ your math will be worse.,3）用 “and” 或“or” 填空：Study hard, _ your math will be better.,and,or,“and”意为“这样，那么”；“or” 意为 “否则” 。,表转折的连词but 和however：e.g
8、. (他努力工作，但以失败告终。)He worked hard, _ he failed at last.He worked hard. _, he failed at last.区别: but 后没有逗号，直接连接分句； however 后有逗号相隔，可放句首。,but,However,考点二 ：,1. Although I have passed the exam, _ I am not pleased with the result.A. and B. but C. /,and, or, but, so 特殊用法,although 和 but 不能同时出现。,“so+情态动词/助动词/b
9、e动词+主语”句型为倒装结构，意思为“也是如此”，系动词、情态动词或助动词必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致。 例：-I like reading novels when I am free.有空闲时我喜欢读小说。-So do I.我也是。 “so+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词” 表示对上文所说的情况加以肯定。意思为“确实如此”。-He works hard.他工作努力。-So he does, and so does his brother.他确实是这样，他兄弟也是如此。,2.So的特殊用法,观察句子 ： （1）Although he is over sixty, but he wor
10、ks as hard as others. 改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others. 或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. （2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.”,*although/ though 和but这两个关联词不能同时用。,?,同样，此句错误， because 和 so 等关联词都不能同时使用。,考点三 ：,either A or B “或者A或者B” neither A n
11、or B “既不A也不B” not only A but also B “不仅A而且B”,- 连词词组 ：,Either you or I _ going to the party. (或者你或者我将去晚会。) Neither I nor he _ seen the movie. （我和他都没有看过这部电影。） Not only you but also he _ French. （不但你而且他也讲法语。）,【连接主语 时，谓语“就近原则”】,am,has,speaks,考点四,1. Both Peter and I _ going to Guangzhou.A. are B. is C. a
12、m 2. Either apples or rice _ Ok. I am hungry.A. are B. is C. / 3. Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth.A. wants B. want C. is going to 4. Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win.A. is B. are C. am,bothand,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,以上结构做主语，除bothand 谓语要用复数外，其余都使用就近原则。,1、这里
13、的天气既不太冷也不太热。 The weather here is _too hot _too cold. 2、她不但美丽而且聪明。 She is _pretty _ clever. 3、不是你对就是我对。 _ you _ I _ correct (形容词：正确的).,neither,nor,not only,but also,Either,or,am,用适当的连词填空,连 词 练 习,2. 从属连词-用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有： (1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。 (2)引
14、导条件状语从句的if, unless等。 (3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。 (4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。 (5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。 (6)引导结果状语从句的so that, sothat, suchthat等。 (7)引导比较状语从句的than, asas等。 (8)引导宾语从句的that, if , whether等。,三者均可译为“在时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生； 若主从句动作同时发生，且强调“一边一边”这样的意思，一般用 as。 When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep. She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。 注意： while 可以表示对比关系“然而”。 He is short while his brother is tall.,
