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1、备战高考 被动语态考点,被动语态的基本用法： 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,何时用被动语态 1.不知道动作的执行者是谁 My cup was broken this morning.2.没必要知道动作的执行者是谁This kind of glass is made in China.3.强调动作的执行者是谁Your cup was broken by Li Hua. 三、由主动变被动的方法 s.(主格）+v. +o.（宾格）o.（主格）+be+ p.p.+ by +
2、s.(宾格),His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,改为被动语态,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 情态动词： 一般将来时： 现在进行时： 现在完成时： 过去进行时： 过去完成时：,S+am/is /are +done S+was/were +done S+ can/may/must/should + be+ done S+ will+be+ done S+ am/is/are + being + done S+ have/has +
3、been+ done S+ was/were+being+ doneS+ had been +done,把下列句子变成被动语态 1.Florence is visited by about a million tourists each year 2.London was visited by ten million people last year . 3.The Great Wall of China was built by thousands of workers 4 The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da vinci .,单句语法填空 1.P
4、aris is visited by more than eight million tourists every year .（visit） 2.The Lourvre is also located in Paris .(locate) 3.The church was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi .(design) 4.The church has been finished yet . (finish) 5.Some buildings were built during this period .(build) 6.At
5、hens is known as the birthplace of western civilisation .(know),被动语态的特殊考点：看起来是被动的而要用主动来表示 1. read ,sell, write, last, dry, tear 等动词，在表示主语的某种特性时sell well(畅销，好卖), break easily(容易断) ,tear easily(容易破) ,write well(好写), read well(好读), dry easily(容易干), wash well( 好洗),last well(耐穿)， 1)His books sell well.(他
6、的书好卖 ) 2)Paper tears easily in wet weather.(纸在潮湿的气候下容易破） 3)This kind of jeans lasts well.(这种牛仔裤耐穿),2.want/need/require(需要 )谓语动词是“需要”，后面跟动词作宾语且与句子主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，要么用doing,要么用to be done 1)The old man wants looking after/to be looked after.(这位老人需要照顾) 2) Your hair requires cutting/to be cut.(你的头发需要理了),3.wor
7、th /worthy( 值得的) be worth doing (值得做)/ be well worth doing(很值得做) 1)The book is worth reading.(这本书值得读)be worthy to be done/be worthy of being done(值得做) 1)The book is worthy to be read. 2)The book is worthy of being read.,4.look(看起来) ,taste(尝起来), smell(闻起来), sound(听起来), feel(摸起来)三个注意点：a.后面跟形容词作表语b.看起来
8、时正在进行的动作而要用一般时c.看起来是被动的动作要用主动来表示 1)Her voice sounds beautiful.(她声音听起来美) 2)The dish tastes bitter.(这道菜尝起来苦) 3)The flower smells sweet.(这花闻起来有芬芳味) 4)The board feels smooth.(这板子摸起来光滑) 5)He looks pale.(他看起来脸色苍白),4.get+done也属于被动结构get burnt(烧焦，晒黑) get lost(迷路) get dressed(穿衣服) get changed(换衣服)get separate
9、d(分开) get drunk(喝醉) get engaged(订婚) get married(结婚)get hurt(受到伤害) get paid(得报酬)get stuck=get caught(陷入困境) 5.under +n.表被动under construction(在建设中) under arrest(被捕) under discussion(在讨论中) under treatment(在治疗中) under repair(在修理) under fire(受到攻击)under attack( 受到进攻） under control(被控制住） .,6.下列动词(短语)不能用于被动语
10、态happen(发生) remain (剩下) disappear(消失) break out(发生，爆发)take place(发生) belong to(属于),一、单句语法填空 1.you ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator , now it ( smells )(smell) sour 2. my book (disappeared )(disappear) yesterday. 3.A big fire (broke)(break)out last year in China. 4.That TV set (belongs )
11、(belong) to her. 5.My pen (writes)(write) well. 二、单句改错 6.Great changes have taken place here. 7.The poem by him reads well. 8.Our classroom needs to be cleaned every day. 9.The TV play by him is well worth watching. 10.The story happened in 1949.,短文改错常见错误类型： 1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有 一般现在时与一般过去时错用; and前后动词时态不一致;主谓不一致; 缺少动词,特别是be动词; 第三人称单数形式错用;主动语态和被动语态用。,But a passenger saw her The message was passing on from person to person . it was changed . The bus driver are told that was a bomb in the toilet He immediate stopped the bus and telephoned the police .,
