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1、Grammar,Overview of tenses:present tenses （现在时复习）,Present tenses are used to talk about the present time. These tenses include:simple present（一般现在时）present continuous（现在进行时）present perfect（现在完成时）present perfect continuous（现在完成进行时）,we use the simple present tense to talk about things that:1.The sun r
2、ises in the east.2.The Academy Award show is on television every year.3.Every time a prop comedian tells a joke, he or she uses a thing, called a prop.,simple present,are true now or are always true.(客观真理）,occur regularly（一般经常发生的动作）,（一般现在时）,1这里很少下雪 2他喜爱体育运动 3太阳从东方升起 4他总是乐于助人,1.It seldom snows here.,
3、2. He loves sports.,3.The sun rises in the east.,4.He is always ready to help others.,Time marker:（时间标志）usually; always; seldom; often; sometimes;every day; every week; on sundays,Note 2(skip) 1.Itll be a long time before we _(meet) again. 2.Even if it _(rain) tomorrow, well go. 3.Ill call on you un
4、less it _(rain) tomorrow. 4.Ill stay with you so long as there_(be) is a room free.,meet,rains,rains,is,在时间，条件，让步,方式状语从句中，用一般 现在时代替一般将来时，现在完成时，代替 将来完成时,eg.公共汽车未停稳，别下车。,Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.,Note 3 1.The plane takes off at 10 a.m.tomorrow. 2.We leave for Beijing next week. 3.The
5、film starts at 7 p.m. this evening. 4.My birthday is in two weeks time.,表按照安排，计划或时刻表，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,Eg. 早班车7点发车。,The early bus leaves at 7 a.m.,Note 4 (skip) 1.Look! Here comes the bus! 2.There goes the bell!,在here/there引导的倒装句中，用一般现在时代替现在进行时,1.= The bus is coming here.,2.=The bell is ringing,We use t
6、he present continuous tense to talk about actions that：（现在进行时）1.are happening or in progress now.（正在发生或进行的事情或动作）are being planned now, but will happen in the future.（表预计将要发生的事情也可用进行时表将来时）2.happen repeatedly, used with always, usually with a negative connotation.（一直连续不断的持续发生的事情）,present continuous,3.
7、You look lovely when you are smiling.,1看！猴子正在爬树。 2你的学习进展如何？ 3你笑时很可爱。,1.Look! The monkey is climbing the tree.,2.How are you getting on with your study?,-time marker:（时间标志）now; right now; at present; at the present time;for the moment; these days/years,We use the present perfect tense（现在完成时） to talk
8、about how the past and present are connected. We use it for:things that happened in the past, but have an effect on the present.事情或动作发生在过去，但对现在造成了影响。现在完成时侧重动作产生的效果； Eg: Doctors have found that people who laugh a lot live longer!Bill has been in many films and television shows.,present perfect,time m
9、arker： （时间标志）-already; never; ever; just; before; recently; lately; yet; so far; by now;up till now; up to the present; for; since;several times,Sentence structures,Its the first/secondtime that+现在完成时.,这是我第三次给你们讲这个语法点。,Its the third time that I have explained thelanguage point to you.,=I have explai
10、ned to you the language pointsthree times so far.,1.In the past there _(be) no trees in or around the village.2.For the past three weeks, I _ (not see) him.3.我读完这本书后将给出我的观点。,were,havent seen,Ill give my opinion after I have finished reading the book.,Eg:,Can you tell me the tense（时态） of the two sent
11、ences? 1.Doctors have been researching（研究） that question. 2.Mr. Smith has been living in London since 1978,present perfect continuous,We use the present perfect continuous tense（现在完成进行时） to talk about actions that started in the past, have lasted up to now and will probably continue to happen.过去的动作
12、或事情现在仍在继续并将延续下去。 现在完成进行时侧重动作持续的时间。,简单的比较：现在完成进行时和现在完成时,We have heen cleaning the classroom.（a） We have cleaned the classroom.（b）,（a）句可译为“我们打扫教室来着。” （b）句可以译为“我们把教室打扫过了。”其结果是：现在教室很清洁，可以用了。,（a）句有“苹果未被全部吃光”的意思，（b）句是完成时态，说明“苹果一个不剩了”。,Whos been eating my apples？（a） Whos eaten my apples？（b）,Helen has read
13、a book about The Family. (可表示海伦已经读完了) Helen has been reading a book about The Family. (表示海伦仍在读),- How many times have you visited Egypt this month? -I have visited Egypt twice this month.,(现在完成时在这一组对话当中表示被问者过去往返于埃及和居住地，但现已经回来),- How long have you been touring Egypt ? - I have been touring Egypt for
14、two months.,(现在完成进行时在这一组对话中表示被问者过去一段时间内一直呆在埃及，没有离开过),现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别,Summary,e.g. How many pages of the novel have you read? How long have you been reading the novel?,(侧重效果),(侧重持续的时间),Finish the sentences by writing the correct forms of tenses.1.I will tell her if he _(come) tomorrow.2.She _(read)
15、in the hall at present.3.I _ (not finish) reading the book yet, so I cant return it to the library.4.The earth _(move) round the sun.,Exercise 1:,comes,is reading,havent finished,moves,5. In the future I shall do what she _.(say) 6.As the city _ (not have) many interesting places to go, we treat the
16、 foreign friends to some real Chinese food.,says,does not have,2班未作练习,8.Ma Ling _(live) in Shanghai, but she _(live) in Beijing at the moment. 9.A big store _ (stand) in the centre of the town. A girl _(stand) at the gate of the store. 10.I _(leave) for Shanghai this Monday.The early plane_(leave) at 9 in the morning. 11.I _(always have) a cup of coffeein the morning, but I _ (forget) to wash the cup now.,
