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1、I硕 士 学 位 论 文论文题目：论文题目：教学方案教学方案 IISIIS 图分析研究图分析研究作 者：导 师： 系别年级：教育技术学院教育技术学院 学科专业：教育技术学教育技术学完成日期： 年年 月月北京师范大学研究生院II教学方案的教学方案的 IISIIS 图分析研究图分析研究摘摘 要要教学方案作为教学设计的产物，是对教学过程的预期计划。对教学方案进行分析， 可促进教师深层反思，发现教案可改进之处，提高教案的质量水平。 教学方案是设计态的教学系统，教学系统分析的发展也带动了教案分析的发展。早 期对教学系统进行分析，主要是对其构成要素进行解析，即分解教学系统以了解其本质 与规律。后来人们意识
2、到分解所形成的结构并不能解释系统功能，因而转向分析影响教 学功能的关键因素教学系统的外显行为。然而基于行为系统的教学系统分析却存在 难以克服的困难，即在教学行为与教学效果之间无法建立联系。因此，在信息论的影响 下，人们开始以信息系统为视角分析教学系统，认为教学过程实际上是一个信息流动的 过程，可分析信息流与教学效果的关系。基于信息系统的教学系统分析尚处于起步阶段， 大多数研究只提供了理念观点，并无具体操作规范。北京师范大学教授提出的教学系统 IIS 图分析法，从整体功能出发构建了教学系统概念模型，从而将教学系统中的信息流动 过程表征出来。基于此概念模型，制定了具体的表征形式与操作规范，并且已用
3、系列实 证研究验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。 本研究基于教学系统 IIS 图分析法，将其运用于分析教学方案，进一步验证该方法的 有效性。教学方案 IIS 图分析法是一种创新型教案形成性评价方法。对教案进行 IIS 图分 析，生成带有标记的 IIS 图。基于所构建的特征指标对这些标记进行数据层面分析，可获 得客观的指标数值，从而对教学方案的质量得到一定程度了解。基于前期研究成果，本 研究通过对教学方案进行 IIS 图分析，主要完成了以下几方面的工作： (1) 完善教学方案 IIS 图分析的操作规范教案是对教学系统中信息流动过程的预期计划，与真实课堂（或视频）相比具有不确定性和不完整性，因此要求教
4、学方案撰写完整、详细。在教学方案 IIS 图分析中，信息流切分是数据采集分析的关键操作，因此应保证教案中信息流的属性取值明晰化。 (2) 构建标志教学方案质量的特征指标通过对教学系统的功能进行内涵分析，找到教学系统的本质属性及相关属性，从而构建了包含总激活量、目标达成一致性、任务类型多元性以及动力水平的特征指标。它们共同反映了教学方案的期望教学效果。 (3) 验证总激活量的有效性根据关注点的不同，我们构建了四个与总激活量有关的子指标，包含 IIS 整图激活量（TQA1） 、目标知识点总激活量（TQA2） 、IIS 整图平均激活量（MTQA1）和目标知识点平均激活量（MTQA2） 。通过开展实证
5、研究，获得多份可用教学方案样本。对这些教案样本进行 IIS 图分析得出：作为关键特征指标，教学方案 II 中总激活量的各个子指标值都大于教学方案 I，且具III有显著性差异。关键词：关键词：教学方案，IIS 图分析法，特征指标，总激活量IVResearch on IIS Map in Teaching Plan AnalysisABSTRACTAs the product of instructional design, teaching plan is prepared for teaching process. Teachers can improve their ability of i
6、nstructional design by analysis of teaching plans. And they make teaching plans better to raise up teaching effects.Teaching plan is the design of instructional system. The development of instructional systems analysis also led to the development of teaching plans analysis. At first, instructional s
7、ystems analysis was based on static elements. People understood the essence and laws of instructional system by resolving it to several parts. But later people realized that the structure of system formed by decomposition cannot explain the function of system, they started to analysis the visible be
8、havior which can produce an effect on instructional system. However, this kind of instructional systems analysis which is based on behavior has an insurmountable difficulty, which is we unable to establish contact between teaching behavior and teaching effect. Under the influence of the information
9、theory, people started to analysis instructional system based on information system. They believed that teaching process is actually a process of information flow. There is a contact between information flow and teaching effect. Instructional systems analysis based on information system is just star
10、ting. Most studies provide only concepts but not operating standards. BNU. professor Yang Kaicheng proposed IIS Map in instructional systems analysis method. From the whole function of instructional system, he constructed the conceptual model of system. Based on this conceptual model, he established
11、 an IIS figure analysis operating specifications. And through empirical researches, they have verified the feasibility and validity of this method.We analysis the teaching plans based on IIS Map in instructional systems analysis method, further verify the effectiveness of this method. IIS Map in tea
12、ching plans analysis is an innovative and formative evaluation method. Use IIS Map to analysis teaching plan can generate an IIS map with marks. We construct some characteristic indices which are based on these marks, and understand the quality of the teaching plan from data level. On the basis of p
13、revious research achievements, We analysis the teaching plan based on IIS Map in instructional systems analysis method .Main completed work as follows:(1) Improve and perfect the operating specifications of IIS Map in teaching plan analysis Vmethod Teaching plan is a plan for the information flow pr
14、ocess of instructional system. Compared with the real class (or video), it is uncertain and incomplete. Therefore we demand that the teaching plan is complete and detailed.(2)Construct characteristic indices which indicate the quality of teaching planThrough analysis of the function of instructional
15、 system, we found the essential attributes of instructional system. Then we construct characteristic indices which indicate the quality of teaching plan. The characteristic indices include the Total Quantity of Activation, the Goal Consistency, the Plurality of Task Types and the Study Power Level.(
16、3)Verify the validity of the Total Quantity of ActivationAccording to different focus, we constructed four sub-indicators related to the Total Quantity of Activation. That contains the IIS Figure Total Quantity of Activation (TQA1), the Target Points Total Quantity of Activation (TQA2), the Mean of Total Quantity of Activation (MTQA1) and the Mean of Target Points Activation (MTQA2). By empirical research, we got a number of teaching plan samples. Then we used IIS Map
