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1、there be 用法大全用法大全1. 基本结构基本结构一、构成：一、构成：There be .句型表示的是句型表示的是 “某处有某处有(存在存在)某人或某物某人或某物”，其结构为，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词名词+地点状语地点状语。例如：There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.There was an old house by the river five years ago.二、各种句式：否定句：否定句：There be 句型否定句式的
2、构成和含有句型否定句式的构成和含有 be 动词的其它句型一样，在动词的其它句型一样，在 be后加上后加上“not”。也可用。也可用“no”来表示。即：来表示。即：no + n.（名词）（名词）= not aanany + n.（名（名词）词） 。注意：。注意：no + n.（可数名词单数）（可数名词单数）= not aan + n.（可数名词单数）（可数名词单数） ；no + n.（可数名词复数）（可数名词复数）= not any + n.（可数名词复数）（可数名词复数） ；no + n.（不可数名词）（不可数名词）= not any + n.（不可数名词）（不可数名词） 。例如：There
3、is an orange in her bag.There isnt an orange in her bag.There is no orange in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.There arent any oranges in her bag.There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.There isnt any juice in the bottle.There is no juice in the bottle.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：
4、There be 结构的一般疑问句变化只需把结构的一般疑问句变化只需把 be 动词移到句首，再在动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。句尾加上问号即可。例如：There is some money in her handbag. Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some 改为 any, something 改为 anything.)There is something new in todays newspaper.There isnt anything new in todays newspaper.Is there anything
5、new in todays newspaper?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句： There be 句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： 对主语提问：对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Whos + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “Whats + 介词短语?”。其中 there 在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用 be 的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree. Whats in the tree? There are some bikes over there. Whats over there?Ther
6、e is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如： There is a computer in my office. Where is the computer? -Its in my office. There are four children in the classroom. Where are the four children?They re in the classroom. 对数量提问对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如
7、果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?There is only one book in my bag. How many books are there in your bag?There is a cat in the box. How many cats are there in the box?如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 +
8、is there + 介词短语？”表示：There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse?反意疑问句反意疑问句：There be 或 There 加其它动词，其反意疑问句一律用there? 例如：There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isnt there?There used to be no school here, used there did there? 三、注意事项三、注意事项：1. There be 句型中 be 动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数
9、上保持一致。如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be 动词用“is”“was”。例如：There is a basketball in the box. There is a little milk in the glass. 如果句子的主语是复数名词，be 动词就用“are” “were”。例如：There are many birds in the tree. There were many people in the street yesterday. 如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be 动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如：Th
10、ere is an orange and some bananas in the basket. There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. 2. There 与 be 中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时 be going to will、现在完成时 havehas + pp. 、used to 结构等连用，注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如：There must be a pen in the box.There happene
11、d to be some money in my pocket. There is going to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a church across from the bank.3. There be 句型和 havehas 的区别：There be 句型表示 “存在有”, havehas 表示 “拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.我有三本书.
12、I have three books.2. 主谓一致主谓一致要采取就近一致原则，和靠近 be 的主语一致。如：There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只钢笔，两把尺子。There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 门口有两个男孩，一个老师。3. There be+名词名词+分词分词这种句式中分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。doing 表示动作和前面名词有主谓关系，过去分词 done 和前面名词有被动关系。如：There is a man sitting on the fence.
13、有个人正坐在篱笆上。There was a car stolen last night. 昨晚有辆车被偷了。这种句式可以用“主语+be+分词“这一结构来代替。例如:There is a boy playing with a puppy in the yard. ( = A boy is playing witha puppy in the yard.)一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩耍。There has been more money spent on armaments than on famine relief. (=More money has been spent on armamen
14、ts than on famine relief.)花在军备上的钱比花在救灾上的钱还多。4. 反意疑问句。反意疑问句。反意疑问句应与 there be 对应，而不是依据主语。如：There is a radio on the table, isnt there? 桌子上有一台收音机，是吧?There are more than fifty classes in your school, arent there? 你们班有 50 多名学生，是吧?5. there be 与与 have 的替换的替换there be 表示所属时可与 have 替换。There is nothing but a bo
15、ok in my bag. = I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本书。6. there be 后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：There is a lot of work to do. 有许多工作要做。注意：当该句型主语是 something, anything, nothing 等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。7. 与其它词
16、连用，构成复合谓语。如：与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。如：There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。There used to be a cinema here before the war. 战争之前，这儿有一家电影院。8. 变体变体there be 结构中的 be 有时可用 live, stand, remain 等代替。如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else. 从前有位国王喜欢新服胜过别的任何东西。9. 习惯用语习惯用语There is no good /use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有好处/用处;There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。例如：There is no good making friends wi
