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1、1主谓一致的讲解主谓一致的讲解 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由由 and 连接主语时连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓 语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同不同的人人、物物或概念概念时谓语动词用复数复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里
2、寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行
3、The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个 名词具
4、有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有 each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for h
5、is fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up
6、. 法规制定 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉 A law and rule 法规 A needle and thread 一套针线 Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条 The stars and stripes 星条旗 2.由由(either)or 或或 neith
7、ernor 等连接的主语时等连接的主语时2由 eitheror, neithernor, or, not onlybut(also)连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中陈述句中就近就近 原则原则 Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约 Neither you nor he has finished the experiment. Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子 Not only the old farmer but a
8、lso his family were friendly to me. Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party. 3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走Not you but I am to answer the questionI, not you, am to answer the question. 二、单一主语的主谓一致二、单一主语的主谓一致 1.名词本身自带名词本身自带 s 作主语时作主语时 1）学科名词
9、: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics 政治学新闻; news体操：Gymnastics As we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科 Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课 Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.” 注意注意：
10、当 mathematics 表示运算时 谓语动词用单数复数都可 If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是 56 The television news is at 7 oclock in the evening every day Gymnastics is my sisters favourite sport 2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means 方式方法 aircraft 飞 机 works 工厂 crossroads 十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼Th
11、is works was build in 1982 这座工厂是By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cityThis means of transport has been triedAll possible means have been tried 3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数 chopsticks 筷子 compasses 圆规 glasses 眼镜 gloves 手套 Jeans 牛仔裤 pants 裤子 scissors 剪子 shoes 鞋子 shorts 短裤 socks 短袜 tro
12、users 裤子 My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的 Why are your shoes so dirty? 注意注意;如果这些词由单位词如果这些词由单位词 （a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等）修饰时等）修饰时，单位词单位词 的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数 A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer. These kinds of glasses are popular
13、 this summer. 4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 The united States is a developed country The New York Times is widely read in the world. 5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数 The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多 The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls. 6)以-S 结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数3belo
14、ngings 财产 clothes 衣服 plastics earnings 收入 goods 货物 leavings 剩余 savings 储存 All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时集体名词作主语时 1）mankind, humanity, man 作主语时，谓语一般用单数 Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪 【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时： Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.2）people, police, c
15、attle, youth 等作主语时，只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复 数 The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件 The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草 Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜 【注】people 作民族讲时有复数形式.如： There are 56 peoples in China3）family, crowd 等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词 这类集体名词有： Army， assembly 议会集会 a
16、udience band class club committee company congress 议会 youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang 团伙 government group herd 牧群 jury population public team 强调整体用单数谓 语强调个体用复数谓语 The family is going to move to New York The family have different opinions about their going abroadThe football club committee arranges all the matches The football
