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1、,Pharmacists,Contents,Nature of the Work Working Conditions Training, Other Qualifications and Advancement Employment Job Outlook Earnings Related Occupations Personal Opinions about the Job,Nature of the Work,Pharmacists distribute drugs prescribed by physicians and other health practitioners and p
2、rovide information to patients about medications and their use. They advise physicians and other health practitioners on the selection, dosages, interactions, and side effects of medications.,Pharmacists also monitor the health and progress of patients in response to drug therapy to ensure the safe
3、and effective use of medication. Pharmacists must understand the use, clinical effects, and composition of drugs, including their chemical, biological, and physical properties.,Most pharmacists work in a community setting, such as a retail drugstore, or in a health care facility, such as a hospital,
4、 nursing home, mental health institution, or neighborhood health clinic.,Working Conditions,Pharmacists work in clean, well-lighted, and well-ventilated areas .Many pharmacists spend most of their workday on their feet. When working with sterile or dangerous pharmaceutical products, pharmacists wear
5、 gloves and masks and work with other special protective equipment.,Many community and hospital pharmacies are open for extended hours or around the clock, so pharmacists may work nights, weekends, and holidays. Consultant pharmacists may travel to nursing homes or other facilities to monitor patien
6、ts drug therapy. About 21 percent of pharmacists worked part time in 2004. Most full-time salaried pharmacists worked approximately 40 hours a week. Some, including many self-employed pharmacists, worked more than 50 hours a week.,Training, Other Qualifications, and Advancement,A license to practice
7、 pharmacy is required in all States, the District of Columbia, and all U.S. territories. To obtain a license, the prospective pharmacist must graduate from a college of pharmacy that is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) and pass an examination. All States require
8、the North American Pharmacist Licensure Exam (NAPLEX), which tests pharmacy skills and knowledge, and 43 states and the District of Columbia require the Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Exam (MPJE), which tests pharmacy law. Both exams are administered by the National Association of Boards of Pharm
9、acy.,Pharmacists in the eight states that do not require the MJPE must pass a state-specific exam that is similar to the MJPE. In addition to the NAPLEX and MPJE, some States require additional exams unique to their State. All States except California currently grant a license without extensive reex
10、amination to qualified pharmacists who already are licensed by another State. In Florida, reexamination is not required if a pharmacist has passed the NAPLEX and MPJE within 12 years of his or her application for a license transfer.,Many pharmacists are licensed to practice in more than one State. M
11、ost States require continuing education for license renewal. Persons interested in a career as a pharmacist should check with individual State boards of pharmacy for details on examination requirements, license renewal requirements, and license transfer procedures.,Prospective pharmacists should hav
12、e scientific aptitude, good communication skills, and a desire to help others. They also must be conscientious and pay close attention to detail, because the decisions they make affect human lives.,Employment,Pharmacists held about 230,000 jobs in 2004. About 61 percent work in community pharmacies
13、that are either independently owned or part of a drugstore chain, grocery store, department store, or mass merchandiser.,Most community pharmacists are salaried employees, but some are self-employed owners. About 24 percent of salaried pharmacists work in hospitals. Others work in clinics, mail-orde
14、r pharmacies, pharmaceutical wholesalers, home health care agencies, or the Federal Government.,Job Outlook,Employment of pharmacists is expected to grow faster than the average for all occupations through the year 2014, because of the increasing demand for pharmaceuticals, particularly from the gro
15、wing elderly population.,Employment of pharmacists will not grow as fast in hospitals as in other industries, because hospitals are reducing inpatient stays, downsizing, and consolidating departments.,Job opportunities for pharmacists in patient care will arise as cost-conscious insurers and health
16、systems continue to emphasize the role of pharmacists in primary and preventive health care.,Earnings,Median annual wage and salary earnings of pharmacists in May 2004 were $84,900. The middle 50 percent earned between $75,720 and $94,850 a year. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $61,200, and t
17、he highest 10 percent earned more than $109,850 a year.,Median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of pharmacists in May 2004 were: Department stores $86, 720 Grocery stores $85, 680 Health and personal care stores $85,380. General medical and surgical hospitals $84,560. Other general merchandise stores $84,170.,
