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1、专题一 名词、代词、冠词,高考英语 (课标卷区),考点一 名词 1.(2018天津,6)The (possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.,五年高考,答案 possibility 句意:在宇宙中的其他行星上可能存在生命,这一直鼓舞着科学家们探索外 太空。考查名词。设空处在句中作主语,故填名词。possibility可能,可能性,其后为that引导的 同位语从句。,2.(2018江苏,32)Try
2、to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the (as- sume) youve made.,答案 assumption 句意:要努力去弄明白实际上正在发生的事,而不要根据自己的假设就采 取行动。根据语境和设空处前的定冠词the可知此处要用所给单词的名词形式。assumption 假定;假设。,3.(2017江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical inci- dents. But alternati
3、ve (explain) are hard to find. 答案 explanations 句意:恐龙灭绝未必是由天体事故造成的,但是也很难找到其他的解释。 设空处在此处作句子的主语,要用其名词形式。根据系动词are可知此处要用名词的复数形 式。 4.(2016浙江,4 )It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may af- fect your credit. 答案 electricity 句意:按时交电费很重要,因为晚交电费可能会影响你的信誉。本题考查名 词作定语。名词作定语时,常用其单数形
4、式,故答案为electricity。 5.(2016江苏,24)Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life? Living every day to the full, definitely. 答案 happiness 句意:你能告诉我们你幸福、长寿的秘诀吗?确切地说,就是充实 地度过每一天。介词后需用名词形式,happiness作“幸福”讲,为不可数名词,故答案为happi- ness。,6.(2015江苏,32)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement wit
5、h the national soccer reform. 答案 adjustments/adjustment 句意:有些学校将不得不作出一些调整来和国家足球改革保持 一致。设空处作动词make的宾语,故需用名词,adjustment既可为可数名词也可为不可数名词, 在本句中表示泛指,而设空处前没有冠词,故可填adjustments/adjustment。 7.(2015江苏,35)Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave. Id like to,but Im afraid she wont be happy with my (apologize). 答案 apolo
6、gy/apologies 句意:戴夫,去向你妈妈道歉。我想去,但是我怕她并不会 对我的道歉感到满意。设空处前为形容词性物主代词,故设空处应为名词形式。 8.(2015浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 答案 stress 句意:减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈感受。设空处作动词 reduce的宾语,故用名词形式。reduce stress减压。,9.(2015安徽,30)There is no need
7、to tell me your answer now.Give it some (think)and then let me know. 答案 thought 句意:现在没有必要告诉我你的答案,考虑一下然后再让我知道。some后需用 名词形式,而thought作“考虑,思索”讲时为不可数名词,故答案为thought。give sth.thought考 虑某事。 10.(2015湖北,22)He gave himself a new name to hide his (identify)when he went to carry out the secret task. 答案 identity
8、句意:在去执行秘密任务的时候,为隐藏自己的身份,他给自己取了一个新名 字。形容词性物主代词后需用名词形式,故答案为identity。identity身份。,11.(2014安徽,29)Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one? Thats a good (suggest). 答案 suggestion 句意:如果你没有足够的钱买辆新车的话,为什么不先买辆二手车呢? 那个建议不错。根据句子结构可推知设空处需用名词形式,设空处前有不定冠词,故设空 处填suggestion。 12.
9、(2014湖北,21)Her (motivate)for writing was a desire for women to get the right to high- er education. 答案 motivation 句意:她写作的动机是渴望为妇女争取接受高等教育的权利。形容词性物 主代词后需用名词形式,此外后面的系动词为was,故设空处需用名词单数形式。,考点二 代词 1.(2017天津,11) was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 答案 It 句意:就在我返回我
10、的公寓的时候,我第一次偶遇了我的新邻居。根据语境和结构 可知,本句考查强调句式,被强调部分为when引导的时间状语从句,根据基本结构“It is/was. that.”可知设空处填It。 2.(2016浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK. 答案 that 句意:在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的教育制度没有很大差异。考查替代 词。首先将原句改为:In many ways, the education system in the US is not very
11、different from the education system in the UK.然后考虑用that代替特指的单数名词。,3.(2015天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools. 答案 that 句意:这所小学校的教育质量比一些更大的学校的(教育质量)好。本句需用that 替代the quality of education,以避免重复。 4.(2015浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching you
12、r favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you? 答案 it 句意:如果你正在看你最喜欢的电视节目,而有人进入房间没有问你就把电视关了, 你觉得怎样?表示“喜欢、热爱、憎恨”的动词后常加it再加that,if或when引导的从句。 5.(2015重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure. 答案 nobody 句意:会议将在9月份召开,但是没有人知道确切日期。根
13、据题干中的but可知 此处应该用表示否定意义的nobody。,6.(2015陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the . 答案 other 句意:为了使自己暖和,那个水手坐在炉火前面赤着脚互相摩擦。the other两者 中的另一个。 7.(2015四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge. 答案 none 句意:Niki总是会有很多想法,但是就我所知没有一个想法是有
14、用的。本题考查 代词。none(三者或三者以上)都不,都没。 8.(2014大纲全国,25)Whos that at the door? is the milkman. 答案 It 句意:门口的那个人是谁?是送牛奶的人。考查代词用法。it可用于明确 身份,指某人。,9.(2014山东,4)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. 答案 it 句意:苏珊清楚地向我表明,她希望自己开始一种新生活。句中that she wished to make.是真正的宾语,空格处应为形式宾语,故用it。 10.
15、(2014重庆,1)A smile costs ,but gives much. 答案 nothing/little 句意:微笑不会损失什么,但是却能给予很多。根据题干中的but可推知 设空处应为表示否定的代词,故答案为nothing或little。 11.(2014福建,21)In some countries,people eat with chopsticks,while in ,knives and forks. 答案 others 句意:在一些国家,人们用筷子吃饭,而在另外一些国家,人们用刀叉吃饭。 some.others.表示“一些,另一些”。 12.(2014浙江,3)An av
16、erage of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making the driest year since California became a state in 1850. 答案 it 句意:去年加利福尼亚的平均降雨量只有18.75厘米,使得这一年成为加利福尼亚自 1850年建州以来最干旱的一年。本题考查代词的用法。此处it指代前面的last year以避免重 复。,13.(2014安徽,24)You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand. 答案 Everyone/Everybody 句意:你可以找任何人帮忙。这里的每一个人都愿意帮助你。根 据上下文逻辑可知此处表示“这里的每个人”,故答案为Everyone或Everybody。由于系动词 为is,故all(所有人)不符合。 14.(2014陕西,21)Id appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. 答案 it 句意:假如你提前让我知道你是否会来,我将不胜感激。考查代词。Id appreciate it if.属于固定句式,表示“假如我将不胜感激”。,
