《高考短文改错知识点总结》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考短文改错知识点总结（18页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 短文改错短文改错考情分析考情分析: 1. 词类用法：词类用法：考查不同词类的不同用法, 与语法填空中的词性转换考点相同。与语法填空中的词性转换考点相同。 2. 辨析：只考辨析：只考 many 与与 much, here 与与 there, some 与与 any, ago 与与 before 等十分常见的词之间的混用等十分常见的词之间的混用, 这 些词是稍有语感、不讲自会的, 千万别走入过去凡遇近义词必辨的误区。 3. 其他：指不便归于某一语法项目的考点。 2014 课标卷 Isomewhere everywhere 2014 课标卷 IIThey There (there be 句型写成句
2、型写成 they be) 2014 大纲卷should able to should be able to (漏掉 be，因 able 是形容词, 不能作谓语, 加 be) 2013 课标卷 Iremember much rememberwell /clearly (习惯修饰语，记得清楚，而非记得非常。 ) 2013 课标卷 IIwas drank was drunk (过去分词拼写错误) 2013 大纲卷stand stand up (漏掉 up) 2012 课标卷do wrong go wrong (可列到辨析类) 2012 大纲卷 Icut off cut down (语境意义) 201
3、1 大纲卷 Ithink over think of(语境意义) 2011 大纲卷 IIso +adj. + that写成 so much +adj. +that (如此以致)；more than happy 写 成了 better than happy (非常高兴) 命题特点命题特点 用来命题的短文内容与学生的学习生活非常贴近，好像就是学生的习作。 长度均在 100 词左右。 这些材料都是记叙文。 新课标卷的设题通常是：1 处多 1 个词，1 处少 1 个词，8 处错 1 个词。 5. 要求考生添加或删除的词通常是虚词。 少了一个词，要求添加的词有：少了一个词，要求添加的词有： 冠词：冠词：
4、in countryside in the countryside(2015 课标 I)As result As a result(2014 课标 I) 介词：介词：listening music listening to music(2014 课标 II) 连词：连词：He had, he was He had, and he was(2013 课标 I) 不定式符号：不定式符号：came see me came to see me(2007 课标) 物主代词：物主代词：Tom saw parents Tom saw his parents(2015 课标 II) 多了一个词，要求删除的词有
5、：介词、冠词、连词、助动词、不定式符号多了一个词，要求删除的词有：介词、冠词、连词、助动词、不定式符号 to。 冠词：冠词：In a fact In fact(2013 课标 I)all kinds of the flowers all kinds of flowers(2014 课标 II) 介词：介词：he lent to me lots of clothes he lent me lots of clothes(2011 课标) 连词：连词：AlthoughbutAlthough(2014 课标 I) 不定式符号：不定式符号：had better to stop had better s
6、top(2009 课标) 助动词：助动词：has brought brought(2010 课标)Lots of studies have been shown Lots of studies have shown(2015 课标 I) 副词：副词：so very much that so much that (2015 课标 II) 需要变形的词通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词。 所有考点都是最基本的语法知识、最常用的单词和短语的意义与用法，以及逻辑意义的连贯。没有 超出中学课本中讲的语法内容。即只要掌握课本中讲的语法就足以应对考试了。短文改错与语法填空的异同：短文改错与语法填空的异同：相同：
7、主要考点基本相同。 名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词。名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词。 时态一致、主谓一致、非谓语动词、词类用法、比较等级。时态一致、主谓一致、非谓语动词、词类用法、比较等级。 以上两个方面分别对应语法填空的纯空格题和给词题。备考内容：主要从以下十个方面入手。备考内容：主要从以下十个方面入手。考点考点 1：名词的数与格：名词的数与格 在 several, few, many, one of, a couple of, three, one and a half, a large number of, scores of, dozens of等词语后，或虽没有这些词但语境提示我们，本应
8、接复数可数名词的，但文中却用了单数。如：For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and(hour hours)2014 课标 II 像 advice, fun, homework, information, news, progress, equipment, furniture, baggage, luggage, jewellery, clothing 等绝对不可数名词是没有复数形式的，但在文中却用了复数。如：It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. (lu
9、ggages luggage)2011 课标 本应用名词的所有格的，但文中没有用。本应用名词的所有格的，但文中没有用。如：When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes. (my friend my friends)2011 课标考点考点 2：指代一致：指代一致 上下文的人称不一致。如：上下文的人称不一致。如：Thank you very much for showing them around your city and providing us with the wonderful meals. (them us
10、) 2011 大纲 上下文的单复数不一致。如：上下文的单复数不一致。如：both of them have similar ideas Otherwise, it is impossible for him to help each other and to make their friendship last long. (him them)2014 大纲 上下文的性别不一致。如：上下文的性别不一致。如：Before her leaving, I prepared a gift to show my best wishes to him. She said (him her) 2010 大纲
11、 人称代词格的误用。如：人称代词格的误用。如：Li Mings parents invited I to spend two wonderful weeks in Qingdao with them (I me)2007 课标 人称代词、反身代词、疑问代词等的错用。如：人称代词、反身代词、疑问代词等的错用。如：He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others (从句主语 which 是指 the voice, 这种声音使“他”与别人分离, 故改 himself 为 him)2013 课标 I考点考点 3：冠词：冠词 基本用法：单数
12、可数名词前，表示基本用法：单数可数名词前，表示“一个一个/段段/座座/本本”等时要用等时要用 a 或或 an；表示特指时用；表示特指时用 the。如。如：In other words, we would be separated for long time. (long time a long time)2010 大纲Many countries in the world find they dont have enough water. To deal with a problem, I think, we should (a the，特指上文提到缺少“这个”问题)2012 大纲So whe
13、n I have the problem, I will turn to her for help. (the a) 2013 大纲 固定短语中多用或少用冠词。如：固定短语中多用或少用冠词。如：In a fact, he even scared my classmates away (In a fact In fact)2013 课标 IAs result, the plants are growing everywhere. (As result As a result) 2014 课标考点考点 4：介词：介词 常用介词的错用。如：常用介词的错用。如：Therefore, we have m
14、ore time with after-school activities. (time for sth.做某事的时间) 2014 课标 II 固定词组中的介词误用。如：固定词组中的介词误用。如：and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (with the help of 在的帮助下) 2014 课标 I 固定词组中的介词固定词组中的介词漏用漏用。如：（拓展）。如：（拓展）We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake
15、listening music. (listen to 听) 2014 课标 II考点考点 5：连词：连词 although/though/while 不与不与 but 连用；连用；since /as/because 不与不与 so 连用。如：连用。如：Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease (去掉去掉 but 或改为或改为 yet)2014 课标 I and 与与 but 用混。用混。这是考得最多的微考点这是考得最多的微考点。如：。如：The more friends we have, the more we can learn from one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. ( but and，前后没有转折关系，前后没有转折关系) 2014 大纲 and 与与 or。All I had to do was to write a story or present it. (or and)2010 大纲Whats more, we can go to work
