《情态动词归纳表》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《情态动词归纳表（3页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、情态动词归纳表情态动词归纳表情态 V词义 have to 多表客观、客观、过去义务 2 mustnt 表“禁止“；否定用 neednt / dont have tomust2.表推测：“肯定 是、准是”只用于肯定句只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用 can/could（1）表示必然结果必然结果： All men must die.人固有一死。 （2）表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不 耐烦的感情色彩，可译为“一定要、偏一定要、偏 偏、非要偏、非要”： If you must know, her name is Mary. 1.表意愿,决心等Would 此时为 will 过去式，无意义差 别 2.表经
2、常性，习惯 性，倾向性，Would 表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相 对于 used to 无“现已无此习惯”之义。 ) 3.表功能，性质叙述真理：The tree will leave without water for 3 months. 4.表估计：“想必， 大概” （只时态区 别）此意表对目前事物的预料。That will be the postman ringing.(would 表示过去/现 在；will 表示现在/将来)will would5.表“请求/要求”（Will you？）此意用于疑问句用于疑问句，常与 you 连用 Will you give me a piece of
3、paper?（1）will 表命令命令（说话者确定命令一 定会得到执行）或允诺：You will report to me afterwards.(命令)They will get enough money from me.(允诺) （2）可用于祈使句附加疑问句用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑反义疑 问句问句)：(此时 would 比 will 委婉) Dont go now, will you? （3）woul 短语：would rather/would prefer 宁愿；would like/would love 喜欢 /想要（见注意）1.表征求意见 （“好不好” ）用在第一、三人称 Sha
4、ll the reporters wait outside or what? 2.表允诺、威胁、 警告、命令或根据 规定有义务做用于第二、第三人称 Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is movingshall （shan t）3.表规章、法令、 预言：“必须”用于所有人称 Every competitor shall wear a number点 2 其他示例： He shall have the book when I finish reading.(允诺) You shall fail if you dont
5、work harder.（警告） You shall come at once.（命令）1.表示道义上的责 任，义务或要求，有时表示劝告：You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says. 2.表示推测和可能 性，是“ (按理说) 应该”之意肯定的语气没有 must 用于推测时强 This pen ought to /should be yours. should ought to3.表示说话人的一 种谦逊，客气，委 婉的语气此意常用于第一人称时： You are mistaken , I should say .
6、 (依我 看你是搞错了)（1）should 用于疑问句中用于疑问句中表示说话人 对某事不能理解，惋惜，感到意外，赞 叹，愤怒、惊异等感情，意为“竟会” ， 有时也用于陈述句中有时也用于陈述句中 （2）Should 还可以用在用在 if 引导的条件引导的条件 从句从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小， 但也不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一” 的意思。 （见注意）高考热点透视高考热点透视热点一：表猜测的情态动词的用法。热点一：表猜测的情态动词的用法。词形使用场合对现在和未来的推测对过去事情的推测 must肯定句must+动词原形must have done may/might肯定句、否定句may+动词原
7、形may/might have done can/could否定句、疑问句can/could +动词原形can/could have doneshould肯定句、否定句、疑问句用来表示一种估计的情况“按理会/估计会”should+动词原形should have done热点二：情态动词热点二：情态动词+have done情态动词+have done 的用法有两种含义：1. 对过去情况的猜测。由表猜测的情态动词+have done 构成。上表已经提到。2. 表示与过去事实的主观设想。有轻微的责备、后悔之意。请参看下表：情态动词+have done用法例句must have done对过去进行推测
8、表 “想必、准是一定做 了”The light were out. They must have been asleep.can have donecant have done否定、疑问句中，表“怀疑和不肯定”He cant have forgotten it.Can he have gone to his aunts? could have donecouldnt have done表“本来可以做某事的（却没有）否定表 “不可能”You could have done better, but you were too careless.Mr wang couldnt have gone to
9、 Beijing, for I saw him just now. might have done表“本来应该或可以/能做某事的（却没有）You might have given me more help, though you were busy.should/ought tohave done用于肯定句中时，表示“本该做某事”，而实际上未做；用于 否定句中时，则表示不该做的事反而做 了。You should/ought to have been more careful.You shouldnt have spoken to your parents in this way.neednt
10、have done表示做了本来不必去做的事。The weather turned out fine. You neednt have taken your umbrella with you.had better have done表示“当时做了某事就好了”，其否定句表 相反的含义。You had better have started earlier.You had better not have quarrelled with her. would rather have done表示“当时宁愿做了某事”，其否定句表相反的含义。两 者都表“后悔”之意。I would rather have
11、 taken her advice.I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that. Would like/love to have done表示愿意做某事，但未做成。I would love to have gone to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.热点三：热点三：shall，will，must 等等1. Shall 用于第一人称疑问句中表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请
12、求。例：The room is so dirty. _ we clean it?Of course. ( 03 上海春招 )A. Will B. Shall C. Would D. Do 用于第二人称陈述句表示说话人或他人的意图、命令、允诺、警告、命令等。例：“The interest _ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. (04 重庆，24)A. may B. should C. must D. shall2. Will 表示意愿或意志。例：I _ argue with you. 当主语是物时，则表示“不起作用”。例：The drawer _ shut.3. Must 表“必须、一定要”。例： Who is the girl standing over there? Well, if you _ know, her name is Mabel. （02，天津 ）A. may B. can C. must D. shall
