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1、一、名词解释（一、名词解释（5*2=10）PMI, Project Management Institute, 美国项目管理学会PMP, Project Management Professional, 项目管理专业人员认证PMBOK, Project Management Body of Knowledge, 项目管理知识体系PLC, project life cycle, 项目生命周期RFP, Request for proposal, 需求建议书WBS, Work Breakdown Structure, 工作分解结构CPM, Critical path method, 关键路径法PER
2、T, Project Evaluation and Review Technique, 计划评审技术AOA, Activity-On-Arrow, 双代号网络图法AON, Activity-on-node, 单代号网络图CPI, Cost Performance Index, 成本绩效指数 (挣值(EV)/实际成本(AC)RAM, Responsibility Assignment Matrix, 职责分配矩阵P&L, Profit and loss 损益VAT, value-added tax, 加值税、增值税QA, Quality Assurance, 质量保障二、填空题（二、填空题（5*
3、2=10） 。1. A project is an endeavour to accomplish a specific objective through a unique set of interrelated tasks and the effective utilization of resources. 1.项目是努力完成一个特定的目标，通过一套独特的相互关联的任 务和资源的有效利用。2. A project manager is responsible for planning the work and then work the plan.项目经理负责规划工作，然后工作计划。3.
4、 The project life cycle has four phases: initiating, planning, performing, and closing the project.项目生命周期有四个阶段 启动、 规划、 执 行和结束项目。4. Project selection involves evaluating potential projects and then deciding which should move forward to be implemented.项目选择涉及 潜在项目评估，然后决定，应该向前来实施。5. WBS facilitates eval
5、uation of cost, time, and technical performance of the organization on a project. WBS 促进评估的成本、 时间和上一个项目组织的技术性能。6. The project network is developed from the information collected for the WBS and is a graphic flow chart of the project job plan. 项目开发从 WBS 收集的信息和网络是一个图形的流程图的项目工作计划。7. In the context of p
6、rojects, risk is an uncertain event and condition that, if it occurs, has a positive and negative effect on project objectives. 在项 目范围内，风险是不确定的事件和条件，如果它发生，已经对项目 目标的积极和消极的影响。8. Milestones are significant project events that mark major accomplishments. 里程碑是重大项目事件标记的主要成就。9. Two important factors affect
7、ing recruitment are the importance of the project and the management structure being used to complete the project. 有两个重要影响因素招聘有项目和管理结构被用来完成这项工程的 重要性10. The most common method for shortening project time is to assign additional staff and equipment to activities.最常用的方法，缩短项目时 间是将额外的工作人员和设备分配给活动三选择题（三选择
8、题（15*2=30）1. Communications is best described as:A. an exchange of information.B. providing written or oral directions.C. consists of senders and receiversD. effective listening.E. All of the aboveANS: E2. The following types of costs are relevant to making a financial decision except:A. opportunity
9、 costsB. direct costsC. sunk costD. unavoidable costsE. None of the aboveANS: C3. Time management is the allocation of time in a projects life cycle through the process of:A. PlanningB. Estimating.C. Scheduling.D. ControllingE. All of the above.ANS: E4. A project element which lies between two event
10、s is called: 位于两个事件之间的项目元素被称为A. An activity.B. A critical path method.C. A slack milestone.D. A timing slot.E. A calendar completion point.ANS: A5. A comprehensive definition of scope management would be: 一个全面的定义的范围管理将是A. Managing a project in terms of its objective through the concept, development,
11、 implementation, and termination phases of a project.管理项目以及项目的概念、 发展、 实施和终止阶段通过其目的。B. Approval of the scope baseline.C. Approval of the detailed project charter.D. Configuration control.E. Approved detailed planning including budgets, resource allocation, linear responsibility charts and management
12、sponsorship.ANS: A6. Pure Risk differs from Business Risks because Pure Risks _ .A. include chances of both profit or loss associated with the business.B. include chances of loss and no chances for profit associated with the business. 包括丢失的可能性和相关业务的利润没有机会C. must incur personal loss with business lia
13、bility. 必须与业务责任招致个人损失。D. must incur business liability associated with loss of pure profit.E. B and CANS: BANS: D7. The most common types of schedules are Gantt charts, milestone charts, line of balance, and:A. Networks.B. Time phased events.C. Calendar integrated activities.D. A and C only.E. B and
14、 C only.ANS: A8. In preparing a good project definition, experienced project managers will:A. Concentrate mainly on the end product rather than costs or benefits. These come later.B. Realize that only the “tip of the iceberg“ may be showing. As a project manager, you must get beneath it.C. Understan
15、d that a project definition/plan is a dynamic rather than static tool, and thus subject to change.D. Try to convert objectives into quantifiable terms.E. All of the aboveANS: E9. Since risk is associated with most projects, the best course of action is to:A. cover all project risks by buying appropr
16、iate insuranceB. ignore the risks, since nothing can be done about them and move forward with the project in an expeditious manner.C. avoid projects with clear and present risksD. eliminate all known risks prior to the execution phase of the projectE. identify various risks and implement actions to mitigate their potential impactANS: E10. Risk management allows the project manager and the project team to:A. eliminate most risks during the planning phase of the proje
