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1、英语学术性论文的写法初探,报告人:,英文题名,主要形式：短语，通常是noun phrasee.g. Men and Womens Impulse Purchase 方法： 最好确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰 字数限制：英国数学会要求不超过12个词美国医学会不超过84个字符 基本要求： 准确Accuracy 简洁Brevity 有效effectiveness,英文摘要,人称 ：摘要首句多用第三人称This paper等，现在倾向于采用更简洁的被动语态或者原形动词开头。e.g. To describe,To study,To investigate,to determine语态： 尽量用动词的主动语
2、态e.g. A exceeds B is better than B is exceeded by A.,EI中对摘要的具体原则： Limit the abstract to new information Try for brevity (250 words)use short sentences Avoid repeating the title or part of the title in the first sentence of the abstract,摘要内容,should be independent and integrated, Should include these
3、items of the text: subject (purpose), method, result ,conclusion.,论文时态,一般现在时：用于说明研究目的，叙述研究内容，描述结果，得出结论，提出建议或讨论等，及公认事实，自然规律，永恒真理等。 一般过去时：叙述过去某一时刻的发现，某一研究过程。 完成时：（少用）将过去发生的或已完成的事情与现在联系起来。,整体原则 ：5C,正确 correctness 清楚 clarity 简洁 concision 完整 completion 一致性 consistency,construction guidelines (写作框架),Title
4、 Introduction Methods Results Discussion References Acknowledgement,Title Be short , accurate and unambiguous Give your paper a distinct personality,Introduction What is known? What is unknown? Why we did this study?,Methods Participants Measurements Outcomes,Results Sample characteristics Univariat
5、e analyses Multivariate analyses,P.S. Tables and figures No more than six tables or figures Put most important findings in a figure,Discussion State what you found Outline the strengths and limitations of the study Discuss the relevance to current literature Outline your implications with a clear “S
6、o what?”,References All citations must be accurate Include only the most important, most rigorous and most recent literature Quote only published journal articles or books Never quote “Second Hand”! Cite only 20-35 references,Dont fall asleep,写作技巧,当前研究的不足引出自己的研究重要性However, little information/attenti
7、on/researchHowever, few studies/investigations/attempts Previous research hasfailed to consider/ignored/misinterpreted,Uncertainties (discrepancies)still exist Further studies are necessary/essential提出自己的观点 We need to /aim to This paper reports on/provide results/focus on,由数据推断出一定的结论：Resultsindicate
8、/ infer/ suggest/ imply that 对于很自信的观点We believe that 对于创新点We put forward/discover/ obseve.for the first time.,验证自己的假设We aim to test the feasibility/reliability of theIt is hoped that question will be resolved with our proposed method/ approach.,其他常用句式,1.xx的特征在于：xx is characterized by 2.已经采用了：have ad
9、opted 3.谈及，关于：In terms of 4.基于：is based on 5.这方面的例子有：exemplified by 6.产生这个问题的原因与有关：The problem arises in part from 7.一般来说：Generally,常用连接词,表承接：moreover/ in addition/ consequently/ afterward/ furthermore/ as a result 表转折：although/however/while/ despite/ 表解释说明(“即”)：,namely,E.g. 叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献时：最早的可用 A a
10、dvocated it for the first time . 接下来，可用Then B further demonstrated that 再接下来，可用 Afterwards，C 还有事件，可用more recent studies by D,E.g. 叙述几种截然不同的观点，可用A put forward that In contrast ,B believe /Unlike A , B suggest /On the contrary ,E.g. 叙述两种相近的观点，可用：A suggest .Similarily / alternatively, Bor Also , B,特殊名词
11、,不可数名词在学术论文中做可数用：Application development consideration composition concentrationdistribution structurelength weight,当提及第几章，节的图表，方程式，首字母通常大写。As discussed in Chapter2， in Section1.2 As shown in Figure3. 常用缩写： figure figTable tabChapter chap Section secEquation eq,Give credits to others work,文中不要出现非常negative的评价：Their results are wrong/are very questionable /have no common sense,etc. 应委婉提出：Their studies may be more reasonable if they had considered this situation.Their conclusion may remain some uncertanties.,thank you byebye,
