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1、Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered bland and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervis e a series of experiments at a telephone parts factory called the Hawthorne Pla nt near Chica
2、go. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting 1 wor kers productivity. Indeed, the studies ended 2 giving their name to the “H awthorne effect” the extremely influential idea the very 3 to being experi mented upon changed subjects behavior.The idea arose because of the 4 behavior of the wome
3、n in the plant. According to 5 of the experiments their hourly out put rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 6 what was done in the experiment; 7 something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 8 that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 9 to alter worker
4、s behavior 10 itself.After several decades, the same data were 11 to econometric the anal ysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12 the descriptions on record, no systematic 13 was found that levels of productivity were rel ated to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way o
5、f conducting the experiments may be have let to 14 interpretation of what happened 15 , lighting was always cha nged on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output 16 rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next couple o f days 18 , a comparison with data for weeks wh
6、en there was no experime ntation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers 19 to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 20 a plate au and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect” i s hard to pin down.1.AaffectedBachievedCextractedD
7、restored 2.AatBupCwithDoff 3.AtruthBsightCactDproof 4.AcontroversialBperplexingCmischieousDambiguous 5.ArequirementsBexplanationsCaccountsDassessments 6.AconcludeBmatterCindicateDwork 7.Aas far asBfor fear thatCin case thatDso long as 8.AawarenessBexpectationCsentimentDillusion 9.AsuitableBexcessive
8、CenoughDabundant 10.AaboutBforConDby 11.AcomparedBshownCsubjectedDconveyed 12.Acontrary to Bconsistent withCparallel withDpealiar to 13.AevidenceBguidanceCimplicationDsource14.AdisputableBenlighteningCreliableDmisleading 15.AIn contrastBFor exampleCIn consequenceDAs usual16.AdutyBaccidentallyCunpred
9、ictablyDsuddenly 17.AfailedBceasedCstartedDcontinued 18.A B C D 19.A B C D 20.AbreakingBclimbingCsurpassingDhiting Reading the following four texts, answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (4 0 points)Text 2 Over the past decade, thousands of
10、patents have seen granted for what are called business methods. A received one for its “one-click” online p ayment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strate gy. One inventor patented a technique for lying a box.Now the nations top patent court appears completely-prope
11、rty lawyers abu zz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particu lar case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In the Bilski, a s the case is known, is a “very big deal”, says DennisD Crouch of the Unive rsity of Missouri School of law. It “has the po
12、tential to eliminate an entire cla ss of patents.”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decisi on in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of po oling mutual-fund
13、 assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out excl usive pinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established co mpanies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive m
14、ove against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a co urt filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despit e the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents
15、 for financial produ cts, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk i n the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the courts judges, rather than a typical panel of three and that one issue it wants to evaluate is weather it should “rec onsider” its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuits action comes in the wake of a series of recent d
