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1、Serving Homeless Children Through Head Start,National Association for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth 21st Annual Conference Denver, CO November 14, 2009,How Many Young Children Experience Homelessness?,In 2007-2008, 51% of all children in HUD homeless shelters were under the age of 6 2
2、7,817 homeless children ages 3-5 (not kindergarten) were enrolled in public preschool programs in 2007-2008; this is only 4% of all students identified as homeless by public schools 66% of young homeless children identified were in LEAs that receive McKinney-Vento subgrants; only 9% of LEAs received
3、 subgrants in 2007,How Many Young Children Are Served in Head Start/Early Head Start?,Head Start/Early Head Start: approximately 29,604 homeless children in 2008 program year This represents 3% of Head Starts total enrollment,The Reality of Family Homelessness,Lack of structure, routine, stability T
4、rauma Loss Lack of access to food Lack of health care Inappropriate living conditions (no play space, overcrowded, unhealthy, over-stimulation or under-stimulation) Stressed attachments to caregivers Invisibility,Impacts on Young Children,Higher rates of developmental delays: Infants who are homeles
5、s start life needing special care four times more often than other babies Homeless toddlers show significantly slower development than other children Higher rates of chronic and acute health problems Higher exposure to domestic and other types of violence,Head Start Findings,Compared to non-homeless
6、 children served by Head Start (1999 HS demonstration programs), homeless children have:Greater developmental delays (language) More learning disabilities More health and mental health problems Higher frequency of withdrawal, shyness, separation anxiety, short attention disorder, flat affect, aggres
7、sion, hoarding, anxiety in response to changes in environment or staff absences, concern over getting enough food, and sharing toys,Early Care and Education Landscape: Where Does Head Start Fit?,Early care and education (ECE) system includes child care and education for children birth to age 5 ECE i
8、s a fragmented “system” of parallel systems Various settings, locations Different originating legislation and regulations, governing structures, systems for monitoring and quality control Separate and combined public and private funding that varies state to state, city to city, year to year,Early Ca
9、re and Education Landscape,Head Start & Early Head Start Child Care IDEA State Pre-Kindergarten Programs Parent-Child Home Program Other Early Care and Education Partners,Early Care and Education Landscape: Child Care,Federal CCDF block grant that states can supplement State and local child care fun
10、ding supplements States can use federal TANF block grant funds Designated “state child care administrator” State administrative rules, e.g., eligibility, priorities State and some local regulations CCDF requires coordination of ALL child care through Child Care Resource & Referral Agencies (CCR&R) C
11、CDF designates set asides for quality initiatives and services for infants and toddlers,Early Care and Education Landscape: Child Care,Subsidized Child Care State-funded child care centers, networks of family child care homes through contracts and grants to local agencies Child Care Subsidies, or Vo
12、uchers Used by families to purchase care from licensed and unregulated care providers, including relatives and friends, for the care that best meets their needs Serve children from infants through school-age,Early Care and Education Landscape: IDEA Parts B & C,Federal funds to states under Individua
13、ls with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part B Preschool Special Education for ages 3-5 Part C Infants and Toddlers Uses McKinney-Vento definition of homeless Provides for identification, location, evaluation and education of children with disabilities who are experiencing homelessness Individuali
14、zed Plan Home-based, classroom & consultation models Goal of mainstreaming,Early Care and Education Landscape State Pre-K Programs,State funding of preschool services for 4-year-olds or for 3- and 4-year-olds State agencies provide leadership and provide funding to local school districts Both school
15、 based and community providers Both targeted and universal designs State Cabinets and integrated state agencies and departments Local councils and community partnerships Most states now have some type of state pre-k system,Other Potential ECE Partners,Non-profit and philanthropic initiatives e.g., U
16、nited Way Success-by-Six Local Government County and city programs, childrens libraries, recreation programsReligious and family service organizations,Early Care & Education Landscape in Your World A Grid,Work with someone sitting near you to complete the Early Care and Education Infrastructure in My State/ Community for either the state or local levelIf you cannot complete a cell, use the Early Care and Education Resource List to find a resource for obtaining the name, contact information you needs to completer our grid. You will have 5 minutes for this activity.,
