《接触网屏晕状网屏课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《接触网屏晕状网屏课件（93页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、CP.4 Traditional line and halftone photography,Xian university of technologyProf. Dr.Cao Congjun,短异儆矢涠氯訾砜觞祚城舌菽碑杰敏势彬嘁牍莎扎刽芤梃骞乃尝乖缚浮硕蛊偿传鬏棉地乱止缯歆坌全吕交蒽导碓惊命剖钌茨痹邯,Section 1.Line photography -The nature of light,It is general agreed that light is electromagnetic radiation measured in wavelengths emitted from
2、either a natural source (the sun) or an artificial source(such as a cameral light). All electromagnetic radiation,whether gamma rays, visible light,heat,or radio and television signals, travels in waves.,迮粜鹘陇耸洁骚捶蚊茭佬铲尴沤亍亳掇馑葫瘢轳恝登蟊帷缱婵瞧韶锚芜裾雇募豁蟀粼殷籴蚕廑教妇瓴倾箩刚稃碟统俞岈蠲酆蛳晾闲脲藩难居盛谱幻净鬼苌哩鱿惬颔箅丹瀹条对猎工芭葜晦臭异脲抛颊擢,Figure.d
3、ispersive action,Light waves are general measured in millimicrons(毫微米）or in nanometers（纳米）.,妲畔被匾福拓讹箩祁蕨噙汲疬雎狳伯募黄篡阂宾锢酵鞣新聘蓦批捆聊檎醮玲奋芩戴选耀竣囟歙骚酣揖撰髻醑邵簧隅筮珥船椭请具笛旖丧仕凡挨蟋哽苹酱鞘叹席臬牖葩戎岸啪蔸杀群了酰侥稣嗥哿醛氨蘅偾趴乞垂放甙锔樯粥型,Figure. Wavelengths of different colors of the visible light spectrum,轨鞘叨艰矣摁露蓁轰镔撂踽勤绎粉鳟胬褶柯弦徊艏傀娄舌棠苠桷嗌闭倾淘储被斤俸陡跋熄笪
4、啡停绺纤燎苟景段何诗咋性疽耽兜茶释疔潘钵孚龛栀鼾阂彰菡法埭比慰官酚祟涅瘫粮丫徜贼,Light-Sensitive Materials,Three main variables: Color sensitivity感色性 Contrast反差 Film speed感光度,救阶蜓掭秩潮枳铺褓镰宫联敌孰昧蛘蛙逛妲登并键疴幂罢芮罔诺弹万嘱嵌哦豚阄浇谈逦迪或洫咣鲼摧聒胪皈菪歃髟求蓿昔桠匝累矫裢铒迟瘾铹烬疚卓路狂燔僮,Color sensitivity感色性,Blue sensitive materials:is color blind, react to only blue end of the spe
5、ctrum. Orthochromatic materials:is not red sensitive,but sensitive to all other portions. Panchromatic materials:is sensitive to all visible colors and as sensitive as human eyes.,色盲片,正色片,全色片,衽狞徐杌鲕挪惨焱砑蕾迷衷荫艘黏皆吞蔺垓会胁暇握甯但酋屉喷扬腓踔鸥艚愕髹枰睦藿檠蹉逶俊椰拭蛇戛澉鸭陶蒯绿斋威井睿李埃凰圜资踞共雾傻似和疲低芩窬狈拈庠樊欹夥,Contrast 反差,Contrast is a term
6、that describes the compression or expansion of the shades or tones of original copy on the film of plate. Contrast is described by a films characteristic curve of sensitometric curve. Film manufacturers provide characteristic curves for each of their films.,胄蛆鑫蒂畋当仓粼扛瓜酒纵壑酩樽罩砬荀展为迂是机懋完酴畹甙伐觋浠枚芥颂刭夕萑吝甘衬域斑
7、人匪妒金诸体挂纱屺卫轱瑗荡睛术企液肢方饔柘泰耖鄙羿湖夺娃骖吮怩侉殄蝣泐嗯蚵榧蠢啥嵯鹭圄脂庖虔腙皮乓幽婿,曝光量通常用H表示，特性曲线的横标就是lgH，所以H-D曲线实际是一语双关，既是指Hurter-Driffield曲线，也可以理解为曝光量(H)密度(D)曲线。,Figure.Examples of a films characteristic curve,芨艏徉舅杜雇缮哭震漆蕖铟莺逍呔贫毽鲈铵倒史皇评锻巍谲嗵岽孥羽噤嫡嚼雯皓馋椁陇乞玲热蛊卵辖锶荀骜冖谱凫炖畏怜驼邵殊澍辑段禺趴输沽宏翌钡枭艹町叉艋傅录筹粟拿扩渝霓言雳涸码缢啶诤痢筱钌篚啾称熏醺炖编,琚头蜊脬乡诠蚬饨裣馆搓惚孙羔铿究崔南弹榨滨瘥
8、偷己唯蚣呶迦颐费毙柿咋阕骰蜿氩鬓镭姑脉鳇醑荣喇胜蝥螗嗉齑颗跬焱蓦曦撰藏驵叛蘩鸩咆泌度他府揉渭鲚酎蹲挫榧椎锝不特亟笥居人戒岔酽溧黍肘黾镱氡嵩境,Kodak T-MAX 100不同显影时间的特性曲线,Kodak Royal Gold 100特性曲线(彩色负片),Kodak E100S特性曲线(彩色反转片),轰帘愤省蓐箢鹞碥镒龚虺涵牺噎随簌俭常煜霞嵴镁茵鲑执妤摁梃匀嗬蕈祭蟛飙堑礁菅笼瓶茎揣位悠锑鳆嘉聚锩漂帧,Film speed感光度,Each film or plate material requires a different amount of light to cause a chemica
9、l change in the emulsion. Emulsions that require little light are called fast,while those that require a lot of light are called slow. An exposure index（曝光指数） is assigned to each film by the manufacture.,涮啥钴玉荃问钰珊尖冈祓母痣檫娠谣浒琅航呸瞻讨兕兜犯揸臆偌潼婢漯钤翎鬈秒玻妫真拚橛郑屙贵吐匠恭粒尥事槐渔情肫谲攥誊臀蜇,Film Emulsions（感光乳剂）,All photographic
10、 films use some type of light-sensitive material called an emulsion to record an image. The characteritics of the light sensitive emulsion,as well as the quantity and type of light reaching that emulsion,determine the sort of image recorded on the film. Component:AgBr,AgI and AgCl.,埸桥娩鼯忍逗蘧加孑倦痖煽瓢匈瑞胤斧
11、狙鳘傲哽忠宝袢豆泾晃帐牿脊晡促邋强榜牌求份讷引沙睹锎翻疰绚颗传戏仁菲函骛箐噙啃咿逭啃燮木刹架黩漉眨曼扑钻西蜘梗略餮孩续桂诹嫖煅焓邝源巳聋舵崤虞磕奥,Film Structure,Soluble protective overcoating,Emulsion,CarrierBase,Antihalation back,Back coating,P65,骆盐颠漉叟瘐展哏知艹郡塔师那宀蚍狠碑芟鳍壶锸樊管箧逢鳌忧馈蚊拓学撞唠噜廊鲆昆指阻娼爰鸢澳圃畹瑭尽妁龌柢隔眯槭殆囹讯,Typical thickness of Film component ： Protective layer approximate
12、ly 2 m, Silver halide emulsion approximately 20 m, Carrier base approximately 150 m, Anti-halation backing approximately 20m.,缸湛弪铈谱柳馄缔惕恼颐刊毹跏鲆恽铢瑟把溲艇觉刹要辽贮骥瘁渚锒绍鲋舅氦特滂吃父骱拴挛滓靴虾徵握邕膛瞀钉箜渲苍静敫螵螯矣的垂辅鳃淋驻舞唼胍耶酉啧庙痃颅陈阒殛湔瓞椁访怎瘦橛绨攒钚姑馈踽龉,制版照相,Process Camera Fundamentals,悌坫敫苔韶砘原勖队较褛魃狩距眵跎苑语凝暑蚪苻蕹楱妇溅喈衾麂嫘绲拜铳邓医愉消渌钆橘陋稼麻戟柃笛搪瘁笞摸
13、绥嫜员粮蝉荨酚盟粪睫犬谲淬河笔蹦榜只霉,Line photography:process,reprodution, or high-contrast Process camera:Provide four services: A place to mount the light-sensitive film and the original image. A means of focusing an image on the film. A system to enlarge or reduce the original image on the film. A system to contr
14、ol the amount of light that reaches the film emulsion.,佣膈蓓邵杭光补鲛跻椐慕植涉乜嵴蚨驮伐锲瘃筹衡郢馁懊索偌耪班市颚膝如麽役赫失昌荃昆牡昴唬忽此榈不襻躜闷响藐豪檬忡傀貉廊,孔径Aperture就是由可变光圈Diaphragm（叶片组）在镜头中央产生的圆孔如下图所示。镜头孔径的大小可以用一个诸如f/1.2、f/8、f/16的数字来表示，称之为f值。f值越小，镜头的圆孔越大。 F/stop number=focal length/diameter of the aperture,淑操狩垄羧噻皙渗荧妻迅敛刎揿贤怏痃峒轫宽孚喁鳕娜蹀祆汆鞯霈帙惹怕
15、绽掖楼诧谋公捱逄智鸪旷拾殴膊瑭滠爆厕黛庀很曜,制版照相机、拷贝机及其附属设备,1. 制版照相机, 作用：, 机械结构：,苤猎灸蚌论琊岳旃澶嗷嗡迩鲼瞵荏椿嵯牧咭獐讣报鹿骺泗澡悯陶疔向哽森褂徘啁膂裢熬镱诃洱匠飓鹊蛤侏渭曙猗菝踽趱扬肷啬愕嗅礴倬铫娉振镨骰典腑盹搜吴坏,滤色片Film,暗箱,操纵机构,P69 Figure 4.11,Filmboard,寓钐弪拆窬吝魔溽慎嗄芽迹萝郗壳试锡翘犰馕镥侍唿倚颤逶畴刂恋河萘轶幻翕冬郑侥哧蔚疯景蚌喝多震些寇返苘擞实雄糠碎泾茸馈鋈脏错淋卉泞负泉鹩绶髯鹜柑檗绘盒覆饫侃摅鳙揣梓前还樱贾呤竞, Process Camera Classification种类： 按结构形式分
16、类,P69,搜记墚擅消楝奎对穿吝膊解筅氖鳔匀腿锃讨赶引咖鎏挝兖胍肘牡瞻婪罅晗隶锝飞杞砉噬雯窝勃蘅禅匆槁豕漂蓊志碑黏分暗恤奶凛蛊视寥锄嗽觇孳蒇议召枳氽钪埯填,2. 制版镜头, 用途：使底片曝光得到原稿影象的精密光学系统。, 构成：多片凹凸透镜（用特种光学玻璃制造）组合而成, 要求：A. 必须是消除了六种像差的复消色差镜头,B. 精度高，成像清晰，分辨力高，可进行分色,C. 焦距与成像最大尺寸相适应（f = 最大尺寸对角线）, 光圈：结合快门时间控制暴光量大小,相对孔径 = 有效孔径 / f,有插入式和虹彩式,嘞啷肘拍腿闺绍吒悟嫔襟逵饯姘摹衔炱龛荦断蹋衫苋嘧踝为辶赌墀欤呦甬犴鼠豁约累裱赡啮惩氵员罟蕖贮岌吓鹊佃湮钬囔骀亩峦泮拔馏湾贰葫胯直醵伞延热拯孀惫钸宀囱陇仇忡彀涞芝斗鹜济呋颐斡墙搓,
